Search icon CANCEL
Subscription
0
Cart icon
Your Cart (0 item)
Close icon
You have no products in your basket yet
Arrow left icon
Explore Products
Best Sellers
New Releases
Books
Videos
Audiobooks
Learning Hub
Newsletter Hub
Free Learning
Arrow right icon
timer SALE ENDS IN
0 Days
:
00 Hours
:
00 Minutes
:
00 Seconds
Practical XMPP
Practical XMPP

Practical XMPP: Unleash the power of XMPP in order to build exciting, realtime, federated applications based on open standards in a secure and highly scalable fashion

Arrow left icon
Profile Icon Lloyd Watkin Profile Icon Steven Watkin Profile Icon Koelle
Arrow right icon
$48.99
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3 (2 Ratings)
Paperback Sep 2016 250 pages 1st Edition
eBook
$27.98 $39.99
Paperback
$48.99
Subscription
Free Trial
Renews at $19.99p/m
Arrow left icon
Profile Icon Lloyd Watkin Profile Icon Steven Watkin Profile Icon Koelle
Arrow right icon
$48.99
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3 (2 Ratings)
Paperback Sep 2016 250 pages 1st Edition
eBook
$27.98 $39.99
Paperback
$48.99
Subscription
Free Trial
Renews at $19.99p/m
eBook
$27.98 $39.99
Paperback
$48.99
Subscription
Free Trial
Renews at $19.99p/m

What do you get with Print?

Product feature icon Instant access to your digital eBook copy whilst your Print order is Shipped
Product feature icon Paperback book shipped to your preferred address
Product feature icon Download this book in EPUB and PDF formats
Product feature icon Access this title in our online reader with advanced features
Product feature icon DRM FREE - Read whenever, wherever and however you want
OR
Modal Close icon
Payment Processing...
tick Completed

Shipping Address

Billing Address

Shipping Methods
Table of content icon View table of contents Preview book icon Preview Book

Practical XMPP

Chapter 2. Diving into the Core XMPP Concepts

While this book aims to get you to start building applications with XMPP quickly and effectively, it's important to understand some of the core concepts and how XMPP systems hang together. While attempting to keep things light, we'll run through these areas so that, when discussing or using XMPP, you'll understand all the terms being thrown around without having to run off to your search engine of choice.

In this chapter, we'll cover the following topics:

  • Identifying yourself on the network - the JID
  • The three communication blocks of XMPP
  • How extensibility is achieved
  • The life cycle of a connection

Introducing the Jabber ID

In order to identify a user on the XMPP network, you need to know two things: the server on which they have an account and the account name on that server. So far, looks very much like an e-mail address, for example, marty@mcfly.fam.

However, XMPP being somewhat visionary for its time-realized that people would probably be using multiple devices/clients connected to the same account, and therefore added the resource that identifies a specific client connection on that account. When we include the resource, we get what is known as a full Jabber ID, or full JID. An example is marty@mcfly.fam/highschool.

The JID is made up of three parts:

Local

Domain

Resource

marty

@

mcfly.fam

/

highschool

Like e-mail, the domain part of the JID is case insensitive, but, unlike e-mail, the local part is also case-insensitive. XMPP goes one big step beyond this, however, and uses full Unicode for addressing so that JID can be made up of any number of non-ASCII characters...

Basic building blocks of XMPP communication

This may come as a shock, but communications in XMPP come via just three (that's right three) top-level elements. These pieces of communication are called stanzas, and by sending sets of these with various contents, we can achieve everything we need to with XMPP. These top-level elements are:

  • <presence/>: For sending the connection status of a client (online, offline, away, and so on)
  • <message/>: Used to send messages or alerts
  • <iq/>: The Information Query, or IQ, is for handling, setting and retrieval of information

In the following section, we'll talk about each of these in turn so that you can gain an overall understanding of what they are designed for and how they are used. Later in the chapter, we'll delve into XMPP communications just a little deeper, but for now let's cover these three important areas.

<presence/>

Presence is all about communicating the current state or availability. If you think about IM systems, then this is the online, busy, away, or offline status of another user. For real-time communications, it is important to know whether another user is available when you send them a message so that you can (hopefully) receive a timely response.

The following is an example of a user sending their presence to their XMPP server (note that this can be achieved by not setting the to attribute), telling the server that they are online and ready to receive push updates. For example if Marty arrived late at school because Doc Brown set all the clocks incorrectly, he can also set a status message:

<presence from="marty@mcfly.fam/highschool"> 
  <show>available</show> 
  <status>Damn alarm clocks!</status> 
</presence> 

User presence updates generally have three (all optional) children, which are as follows:

  • type: The availability of the...

Presence overloading

Seeing the extension of presence in the preceding lines, it might seem advantageous to start adding more information to presence stanzas and extending them further. For example, Marty McFly, who listens to a lot of music, might feel it appropriate to advertise what song he is listening to from his client.

While this is perfectly achievable with XMPP, it certainly isn't a good idea. Presence stanzas form a large proportion of traffic on the XMPP network, and filling in the stanzas with additional information will greatly increase the amount of information transferred on a regular basis. Additionally, other users with presence subscriptions to Marty may not be interested in this information, and therefore it would essential be useless data being transmitted.

If this is something you are interested in doing later on, then for this we have Personal Eventing Protocol or PEP (see XEP-0163).

<message/>

Message stanzas are the real-time update mechanisms of XMPP. At the very general level, they are most often used to pass instant messages (IM) between users; however, through the extensibility of XMPP, they can also be used to convey any structured data that a user requires alerting to.

Messages when sent do not have a built-in receipt that the message was delivered or read (although this can be achieved using XEP-0184). If a message is sent to a non-existent XMPP domain or a user that doesn't exist on a server, then an error message will be returned informing the sender of this.

Here, we see a typical message stanza sending a message from one user to another:

<message from="george@mcfly.fam/highschool" to="lorraine@baines.fam/highschool" type="chat"> 
    <body>Lorraine. My density has brought me to you.</body> 
</message> 

Here, George is sending a private chat message to Lorraine. Should they be having a conversation...

Introducing the Jabber ID


In order to identify a user on the XMPP network, you need to know two things: the server on which they have an account and the account name on that server. So far, looks very much like an e-mail address, for example, marty@mcfly.fam.

However, XMPP being somewhat visionary for its time-realized that people would probably be using multiple devices/clients connected to the same account, and therefore added the resource that identifies a specific client connection on that account. When we include the resource, we get what is known as a full Jabber ID, or full JID. An example is marty@mcfly.fam/highschool.

The JID is made up of three parts:

Local

Domain

Resource

marty

@

mcfly.fam

/

highschool

Like e-mail, the domain part of the JID is case insensitive, but, unlike e-mail, the local part is also case-insensitive. XMPP goes one big step beyond this, however, and uses full Unicode for addressing so that JID can be made up of any number of non-ASCII characters...

Basic building blocks of XMPP communication


This may come as a shock, but communications in XMPP come via just three (that's right three) top-level elements. These pieces of communication are called stanzas, and by sending sets of these with various contents, we can achieve everything we need to with XMPP. These top-level elements are:

  • <presence/>: For sending the connection status of a client (online, offline, away, and so on)
  • <message/>: Used to send messages or alerts
  • <iq/>: The Information Query, or IQ, is for handling, setting and retrieval of information

In the following section, we'll talk about each of these in turn so that you can gain an overall understanding of what they are designed for and how they are used. Later in the chapter, we'll delve into XMPP communications just a little deeper, but for now let's cover these three important areas.

<presence/>


Presence is all about communicating the current state or availability. If you think about IM systems, then this is the online, busy, away, or offline status of another user. For real-time communications, it is important to know whether another user is available when you send them a message so that you can (hopefully) receive a timely response.

The following is an example of a user sending their presence to their XMPP server (note that this can be achieved by not setting the to attribute), telling the server that they are online and ready to receive push updates. For example if Marty arrived late at school because Doc Brown set all the clocks incorrectly, he can also set a status message:

<presence from="marty@mcfly.fam/highschool"> 
  <show>available</show> 
  <status>Damn alarm clocks!</status> 
</presence> 

User presence updates generally have three (all optional) children, which are as follows:

  • type: The availability...
Left arrow icon Right arrow icon
Download code icon Download Code

Key benefits

  • Learn about the fundamentals of XMPP and be able to work with the core functionality both server-side and in the browser
  • Build a simple 1-to-1 chat (the “Hello World” of XMPP), explore multi-user chat, publish subscribe systems, and work with a decentralized social network
  • Author Lloyd Watkins is a member of the XMPP standards committee

Description

XMPP (eXtensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) is a messaging protocol that enables communication between two or more devices via the Internet. With this book, developers will learn about the fundamentals of XMPP, be able to work with the core functionality both server-side and in the browser, as well as starting to explore several of the protocol extensions. You will not only have a solid grasp of XMPP and how it works, but will also be able to use the protocol to build real-world applications that utilize the power of XMPP. By the end of this book, you will know more about networking applications in general, and have a good understanding of how to extend XMPP, as well as using it in sample applications.

Who is this book for?

If you want to learn about the fundamentals of XMPP, be able to work with the core functionality both server-side and in the browser then this book is for you.No knowledge of XMPP is required, or of TCP/IP networking. It's important that you already know how to build applications of some form, and are looking get a better understanding of how to implement XMPP for one or more of its many uses. You should be interested in the decentralized web, know HTML, and likely know JavaScript and NodeJS. You will probably know JSON, and hopefully XML (this is the native output of XMPP).

What you will learn

  • Install and configure an XMPP server and use it to connect from a traditional desktop client and send a message
  • Build a simple server-side application that will respond to messages from our logged in desktop client
  • Install and run XMPP-FTW, connect to the server from the browser, and handle incoming/outgoing messages
  • Connect to a multi-user chat room, send/receive stanzas, add a room password, join a protected room, set the room's subject, and change a user s affiliation
  • Get to grips with the publish-subscribe extension of XMPP and use it to build a pusher system that can make any website real-time
  • Build a simple XMPP component and create an extension for XMPP-FTW that allows you to use your own custom format
  • Build an XMPP version of the classic game “Pong”
Estimated delivery fee Deliver to United States

Economy delivery 10 - 13 business days

Free $6.95

Premium delivery 6 - 9 business days

$21.95
(Includes tracking information)

Product Details

Country selected
Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Sep 30, 2016
Length: 250 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781785287985

What do you get with Print?

Product feature icon Instant access to your digital eBook copy whilst your Print order is Shipped
Product feature icon Paperback book shipped to your preferred address
Product feature icon Download this book in EPUB and PDF formats
Product feature icon Access this title in our online reader with advanced features
Product feature icon DRM FREE - Read whenever, wherever and however you want
OR
Modal Close icon
Payment Processing...
tick Completed

Shipping Address

Billing Address

Shipping Methods
Estimated delivery fee Deliver to United States

Economy delivery 10 - 13 business days

Free $6.95

Premium delivery 6 - 9 business days

$21.95
(Includes tracking information)

Product Details

Publication date : Sep 30, 2016
Length: 250 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781785287985

Packt Subscriptions

See our plans and pricing
Modal Close icon
$19.99 billed monthly
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Simple pricing, no contract
$199.99 billed annually
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Choose a DRM-free eBook or Video every month to keep
Feature tick icon PLUS own as many other DRM-free eBooks or Videos as you like for just $5 each
Feature tick icon Exclusive print discounts
$279.99 billed in 18 months
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Choose a DRM-free eBook or Video every month to keep
Feature tick icon PLUS own as many other DRM-free eBooks or Videos as you like for just $5 each
Feature tick icon Exclusive print discounts

Frequently bought together


Stars icon
Total $ 149.97
Modern Python Cookbook
$51.99
Learning Ansible 2
$48.99
Practical XMPP
$48.99
Total $ 149.97 Stars icon

Table of Contents

10 Chapters
1. An Introduction to XMPP and Installing Our First Server Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Diving into the Core XMPP Concepts Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Building a One-on-One Chat Bot - The "Hello World" of XMPP Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Talking XMPP in the Browser Using XMPP-FTW Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Building a Multi-User Chat Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Make Your Static Website Real-Time Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Creating an XMPP Component Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Building a Basic XMPP-Based Pong Game Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
9. Enhancing XMPPong with a Server Component and Custom Messages Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
10. Real-World Deployment and XMPP Extensions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
(2 Ratings)
5 star 50%
4 star 0%
3 star 0%
2 star 0%
1 star 50%
Susan K Dec 03, 2016
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Fascinating! Very unique.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Flavius Andrei Tatar Dec 05, 2019
Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 1
if you still sell your book after all these years, at least have the decency to update it (what has been used in th book doesn't exist anymore)
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Get free access to Packt library with over 7500+ books and video courses for 7 days!
Start Free Trial

FAQs

What is the delivery time and cost of print book? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Shipping Details

USA:

'

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the US within 10-15 business days

Premium: Trackable Delivery to most addresses in the US within 3-8 business days

UK:

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 7-9 business days.
Shipments are not trackable

Premium: Trackable delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 3-4 business days!
Add one extra business day for deliveries to Northern Ireland and Scottish Highlands and islands

EU:

Premium: Trackable delivery to most EU destinations within 4-9 business days.

Australia:

Economy: Can deliver to P. O. Boxes and private residences.
Trackable service with delivery to addresses in Australia only.
Delivery time ranges from 7-9 business days for VIC and 8-10 business days for Interstate metro
Delivery time is up to 15 business days for remote areas of WA, NT & QLD.

Premium: Delivery to addresses in Australia only
Trackable delivery to most P. O. Boxes and private residences in Australia within 4-5 days based on the distance to a destination following dispatch.

India:

Premium: Delivery to most Indian addresses within 5-6 business days

Rest of the World:

Premium: Countries in the American continent: Trackable delivery to most countries within 4-7 business days

Asia:

Premium: Delivery to most Asian addresses within 5-9 business days

Disclaimer:
All orders received before 5 PM U.K time would start printing from the next business day. So the estimated delivery times start from the next day as well. Orders received after 5 PM U.K time (in our internal systems) on a business day or anytime on the weekend will begin printing the second to next business day. For example, an order placed at 11 AM today will begin printing tomorrow, whereas an order placed at 9 PM tonight will begin printing the day after tomorrow.


Unfortunately, due to several restrictions, we are unable to ship to the following countries:

  1. Afghanistan
  2. American Samoa
  3. Belarus
  4. Brunei Darussalam
  5. Central African Republic
  6. The Democratic Republic of Congo
  7. Eritrea
  8. Guinea-bissau
  9. Iran
  10. Lebanon
  11. Libiya Arab Jamahriya
  12. Somalia
  13. Sudan
  14. Russian Federation
  15. Syrian Arab Republic
  16. Ukraine
  17. Venezuela
What is custom duty/charge? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customs duty are charges levied on goods when they cross international borders. It is a tax that is imposed on imported goods. These duties are charged by special authorities and bodies created by local governments and are meant to protect local industries, economies, and businesses.

Do I have to pay customs charges for the print book order? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

The orders shipped to the countries that are listed under EU27 will not bear custom charges. They are paid by Packt as part of the order.

List of EU27 countries: www.gov.uk/eu-eea:

A custom duty or localized taxes may be applicable on the shipment and would be charged by the recipient country outside of the EU27 which should be paid by the customer and these duties are not included in the shipping charges been charged on the order.

How do I know my custom duty charges? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

The amount of duty payable varies greatly depending on the imported goods, the country of origin and several other factors like the total invoice amount or dimensions like weight, and other such criteria applicable in your country.

For example:

  • If you live in Mexico, and the declared value of your ordered items is over $ 50, for you to receive a package, you will have to pay additional import tax of 19% which will be $ 9.50 to the courier service.
  • Whereas if you live in Turkey, and the declared value of your ordered items is over € 22, for you to receive a package, you will have to pay additional import tax of 18% which will be € 3.96 to the courier service.
How can I cancel my order? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Cancellation Policy for Published Printed Books:

You can cancel any order within 1 hour of placing the order. Simply contact customercare@packt.com with your order details or payment transaction id. If your order has already started the shipment process, we will do our best to stop it. However, if it is already on the way to you then when you receive it, you can contact us at customercare@packt.com using the returns and refund process.

Please understand that Packt Publishing cannot provide refunds or cancel any order except for the cases described in our Return Policy (i.e. Packt Publishing agrees to replace your printed book because it arrives damaged or material defect in book), Packt Publishing will not accept returns.

What is your returns and refunds policy? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Return Policy:

We want you to be happy with your purchase from Packtpub.com. We will not hassle you with returning print books to us. If the print book you receive from us is incorrect, damaged, doesn't work or is unacceptably late, please contact Customer Relations Team on customercare@packt.com with the order number and issue details as explained below:

  1. If you ordered (eBook, Video or Print Book) incorrectly or accidentally, please contact Customer Relations Team on customercare@packt.com within one hour of placing the order and we will replace/refund you the item cost.
  2. Sadly, if your eBook or Video file is faulty or a fault occurs during the eBook or Video being made available to you, i.e. during download then you should contact Customer Relations Team within 14 days of purchase on customercare@packt.com who will be able to resolve this issue for you.
  3. You will have a choice of replacement or refund of the problem items.(damaged, defective or incorrect)
  4. Once Customer Care Team confirms that you will be refunded, you should receive the refund within 10 to 12 working days.
  5. If you are only requesting a refund of one book from a multiple order, then we will refund you the appropriate single item.
  6. Where the items were shipped under a free shipping offer, there will be no shipping costs to refund.

On the off chance your printed book arrives damaged, with book material defect, contact our Customer Relation Team on customercare@packt.com within 14 days of receipt of the book with appropriate evidence of damage and we will work with you to secure a replacement copy, if necessary. Please note that each printed book you order from us is individually made by Packt's professional book-printing partner which is on a print-on-demand basis.

What tax is charged? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Currently, no tax is charged on the purchase of any print book (subject to change based on the laws and regulations). A localized VAT fee is charged only to our European and UK customers on eBooks, Video and subscriptions that they buy. GST is charged to Indian customers for eBooks and video purchases.

What payment methods can I use? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

You can pay with the following card types:

  1. Visa Debit
  2. Visa Credit
  3. MasterCard
  4. PayPal
What is the delivery time and cost of print books? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Shipping Details

USA:

'

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the US within 10-15 business days

Premium: Trackable Delivery to most addresses in the US within 3-8 business days

UK:

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 7-9 business days.
Shipments are not trackable

Premium: Trackable delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 3-4 business days!
Add one extra business day for deliveries to Northern Ireland and Scottish Highlands and islands

EU:

Premium: Trackable delivery to most EU destinations within 4-9 business days.

Australia:

Economy: Can deliver to P. O. Boxes and private residences.
Trackable service with delivery to addresses in Australia only.
Delivery time ranges from 7-9 business days for VIC and 8-10 business days for Interstate metro
Delivery time is up to 15 business days for remote areas of WA, NT & QLD.

Premium: Delivery to addresses in Australia only
Trackable delivery to most P. O. Boxes and private residences in Australia within 4-5 days based on the distance to a destination following dispatch.

India:

Premium: Delivery to most Indian addresses within 5-6 business days

Rest of the World:

Premium: Countries in the American continent: Trackable delivery to most countries within 4-7 business days

Asia:

Premium: Delivery to most Asian addresses within 5-9 business days

Disclaimer:
All orders received before 5 PM U.K time would start printing from the next business day. So the estimated delivery times start from the next day as well. Orders received after 5 PM U.K time (in our internal systems) on a business day or anytime on the weekend will begin printing the second to next business day. For example, an order placed at 11 AM today will begin printing tomorrow, whereas an order placed at 9 PM tonight will begin printing the day after tomorrow.


Unfortunately, due to several restrictions, we are unable to ship to the following countries:

  1. Afghanistan
  2. American Samoa
  3. Belarus
  4. Brunei Darussalam
  5. Central African Republic
  6. The Democratic Republic of Congo
  7. Eritrea
  8. Guinea-bissau
  9. Iran
  10. Lebanon
  11. Libiya Arab Jamahriya
  12. Somalia
  13. Sudan
  14. Russian Federation
  15. Syrian Arab Republic
  16. Ukraine
  17. Venezuela