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IoT Projects with Bluetooth Low Energy
IoT Projects with Bluetooth Low Energy

IoT Projects with Bluetooth Low Energy: Harness the power of connected things

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IoT Projects with Bluetooth Low Energy

Setting Up

In theory, there is no difference between theory and practice. In practice, there is.
- Anonymous

We established quite a theoretical foundation in the last chapter by covering the pillars on which Bluetooth Low Energy is designed upon. In this chapter, we will be setting up our development environment, which will help us to put all that theory into practice.

We will eventually set up our development environment by covering the following topics:

  • Introduction to Bluetooth Low Energy Sensors
  • Setting Up Your System to Write Android Applications
  • Setting Up Your System to Write iOS Applications
  • Configuring the Firebase Cloud Backend
  • Introduction to Raspberry Pi
  • Introduction to GitHub

Introduction to Bluetooth Low Energy Sensors

Almost every BLE device that you will be interacting with in the real world and during the course of this book, will be a sensor that senses and stores data, waiting to be read. For example, a Fitbit senses heart rate, quality of sleep, and the number of steps walked. We will be interacting with a Fitbit device in the next chapter to understand how it stores the sensed data and how it makes that data available to us:

Figure 1: A Fitbit charge 2 device; source: www.fitbit.com

Temperature and humidity sensors can also use Bluetooth Low Energy as their communication protocol to transfer data to handheld devices or hubs. We will be creating an IoT + BLE solution for one such use case involving temperature and humidity sensors in Chapter 6, Weather Monitoring Using BLE in Warehouses:

Figure 2: Temperature and humidity sensor by Xiaomi...

Setting Up Your System to Write Android Applications

For those who came late, here is a little bit of history on Android.

Android is a mobile operating system initially developed by Google. The initial release of Android happened on September 23, 2008. Alongside the release, Google also took the initiative to form the Open Handset Alliance (OHA), which is a group of 84 companies including Sony, Dell, Samsung Electronics, HTC, and Motorola to name a few. Note that Android was and is a platform, and the primary purpose of the OHA was to develop open standards for mobile devices and promote the Android platform.

For more information about the Android operating system, visit https://www.android.com/.

Looking at the historical timeline of Android releases, you will realize that Android has really come a long way since 2008:

Figure 5: Android version history timeline; source: www.wikipedia...

Setting Up Your System to Write iOS Applications

Just like Android, iOS needs no formal introduction; however, we will go over some key knowledge factors related to it. iOS or iPhone OS is a mobile operating system which was developed by Apple Inc. and first introduced in June 2007 exclusively for Apple devices:

Figure 11: Devices supported by iOS; source: www.macworld.com

Note that one of the biggest differences between Android and iOS is that Apple designed iOS as an operating system, which was exclusively designed for Apple hardware. On the other hand, Android took more of a platform approach, which dictated a set of requirements and then the phone manufacturers could roll out devices adhering to these requirements. Also, this implies that iOS is closed source whereas Android is open source.

Just like Android, iOS also has a version history starting right from iPhone OS 1...

Configuring the Firebase Cloud Backend

Firebase, in technical terms, is backend as a service. To clarify what this means, let's look at an example: Let's say you would like to write an app, which shows screening times for various movies playing in the city. For this, you will need to store the movie details and the show times in a backend, which can then later be fetched and displayed by various mobile clients. However, you don't want to get into writing a full-fledged server on your own and it would probably be best if you could lay your hands on a pre-cooked solution where you could just store and read your data when needed. This is where Firebase comes in. Firebase is a technology/service that helps developers who want to write apps, which interact with a backend but avoids them creating/programming their own full-fledged backend. This will become clearer...

Introduction to Raspberry Pi

In this section, we will be introducing you to Raspberry Pi, which is a completely functional computer built on a single circuit board:

Figure 28: A Raspberry Pi, Model 3B; source: www.wikipedia.com

Equivalent to the size of a credit card, this single board computer offers the following:

  • 1GB RAM
  • 4 USB ports
  • 40 GPIO pins
  • A full HDMI port
  • An Ethernet port
  • Combined 3.5mm audio jack and composite video
  • A Camera interface (CSI)
  • A Display interface (DSI)
  • A micro SD card slot
  • A VideoCore IV 3D graphics core
  • A 1.2GHz 64-bit quad-core ARMv8 CPU
  • An 802.11n Wireless LAN
  • Bluetooth 4.1
  • Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
Figure 29: Raspberry Pi, Model 3b, layout details; source: www.smarthomesage.com

For less than 40 euros (which is the approximate cost of this board), for starters, you can simply connect a USB 2.0 mouse and keyboard to the USB ports, hook up a monitor...

Introduction to GitHub

To understand GitHub, you should first know what a Git is.

To explain what it is in simple terms, we should first understand how the actual software is crafted. It is carried out by multiple engineers working together in a team, often on the same source code files. When the software is being crafted, it often happens that within the development cycle, requirements might get changed or some of the features of the software might not even be required at all by the time of final release.

Perhaps an actual dialog between a product owner and a technical team lead might help you understand this situation better:

Ben (Product Owner)Hey Jerry, remember that hourly alarms feature we added to our app, the management has decided to remove that from this release.

Jerry (Lead Developer)Sure. What I am going to do is disable that for now and then make...

Summary

In this chapter, we've explored two of the most popular mobile operating systems, namely, Android and iOS, in a very hands-on manner by setting up development environments for both of them. We also went to our backend environment, Firebase, which allowed us to make the data from our Bluetooth Low Energy devices available to rest of the world. Not limiting ourselves to just software, we've learned about the Raspberry Pi, a very sophisticated piece of hardware, which we will later magically transform into a Bluetooth Low Energy beacon. Finally, we also learnt about GitHub, the world's largest host of source code, where we will be storing our code. We are all set up now and ready to take BLE knowledge to the next level.

Next up, to get an intuitive understanding of how Bluetooth Low Energy is implemented in wearables (for example, fitness trackers), with our...

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Key benefits

  • Build hands-on IoT projects using Bluetooth Low Energy and learn about Bluetooth 5 and its features.
  • Build a health tracking system, and indoor navigation and warehouse weather monitoring projects using smart devices.
  • Build on a theoretical foundation and create a practice-based understanding of Bluetooth Low Energy.

Description

Bluetooth Low Energy, or Bluetooth Smart, is Wireless Personal Area networking aimed at smart devices and IoT applications. BLE has been increasingly adopted by application developers and IoT enthusiasts to establish connections between smart devices. This book initially covers all the required aspects of BLE, before you start working on IoT projects. In the initial stages of the book, you will learn about the basic aspects of Bluetooth Low Energy—such as discovering devices, services, and characteristics—that will be helpful for advanced-level projects. This book will guide you through building hands-on projects using BLE and IoT. These projects include tracking health data, using a mobile App, and making this data available for health practitioners; Indoor navigation; creating beacons using the Raspberry Pi; and warehouse weather Monitoring. This book also covers aspects of Bluetooth 5 (the latest release) and its effect on each of these projects. By the end of this book, you will have hands-on experience of using Bluetooth Low Energy to integrate with smart devices and IoT projects.

Who is this book for?

If you're an application developer, a hardware enthusiast, or just curious about the Internet of Things and how to convert it into hands-on projects, then this book is for you. Having some knowledge of writing mobile applications will be advantageous.

What you will learn

  • Learn about the architecture and IoT uses of BLE, and in which domains it is being used the most
  • Set up and learn about various development platforms (Android, iOS, Firebase, Raspberry Pi, Beacons, and GitHub)
  • Create an Explorer App (Android/iOS) to diagnose a Fitness Tracker
  • Design a Beacon with the Raspberry Pi and write an app to detect the Beacon
  • Write a mobile app to periodically poll the BLE tracking sensor
  • Compose an app to read data periodically from temperature and humidity sensors
  • Explore more applications of BLE with IoT
  • Design projects for both Android and iOS mobile platforms
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Publication date : Aug 31, 2017
Length: 278 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781788399449
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ISBN-13 : 9781788399449
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Table of Contents

7 Chapters
What is Bluetooth Low Energy? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Setting Up Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building a Service Explorer App Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Designing a Personal Tracking System Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Beacons with Raspberry Pi Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Weather Monitoring Using BLE in Warehouses Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Going Further Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Top Reviews
Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon 3.9
(12 Ratings)
5 star 66.7%
4 star 8.3%
3 star 0%
2 star 0%
1 star 25%
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Amazon Customer Sep 29, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
This book has a great set of projects with all required details and presented in very simple and efficient way.Even if you are new to IoT or Bluetooth technology, this book has it covered to start with the project's.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Amruta Bhende Nov 04, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I was always confused between the BLE concepts like Services, Characteristics and Profiles. This book greatly helped in resolving that confusion!
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Ravi Sep 18, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
A very nice book covering all the basics on BLE and then slowly building up on the basics with practical examples.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Aaron Sep 25, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
An amazingly detailed book to get working with BLE on iOS and Android. Concepts are well explained right from lower layers of BLE to easing you into application development. Even beginners to mobile development can follow along with the chapters to get started building Bluetooth projects. Chapter 4, 5, and 6 break down concepts with sample real world application keeping it practical and understandable to follow along.A great book to keep by your side while getting started or working on your BLE apps.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Ashish Nov 02, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
This book strikes the right balance between theory and practical examples on the (somewhat) arcane topic of BLE. Really liked the book.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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