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Become a Python Data Analyst
Become a Python Data Analyst

Become a Python Data Analyst: Perform exploratory data analysis and gain insight into scientific computing using Python

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Become a Python Data Analyst

Vectorizing Operations with NumPy

In this chapter, we will learn about Numerical Python (NumPy) extensions, which is a library for the Python programming language, what it is, and why we need it. We will also look at arrays, which are the most important type of objects in the numpy library. We will learn how to work with arrays, what the most important methods are, and the attributes that we can use with arrays. Then, we will apply our knowledge and do some simulations to see how we use NumPy in the real world. By the end of this chapter, you will know all the foundations that you need to work with other libraries in Python's Data Science Stack, such as Matplotlib. We will also get into some motivating examples to see why we need NumPy and the main problem it solves.

We will cover the following topics:

  • Introduction to NumPy
  • NumPy arrays creation, methods, and attributes...

Introduction to NumPy

NumPy, also known as Python's vectorization solution, is the fundamental package for doing scientific computing with Python. It gives us the ability to create multidimensional array objects and to perform faster mathematical operations than we can do with base Python. It is the basis of most of Python's Data Science ecosystem. Most of the other libraries that we use in data analytics with Python, such as scikit-learn and pandas rely on NumPy. Some advanced features of NumPy are as follows:

  • It provides sophisticated (broadcasting) functions
  • It provides tools for integrating with lower-level languages such as C, C++, and Fortran
  • It has the ability to do linear algebra and complex mathematical operations such as Fourier Transform (FT) and random number generator (RNG)

So, if you need to do some really high-performance data analysis at scale and you...

NumPy arrays

NumPy's main object is a homogeneous multidimensional array. An array is essentially a table of elements (usually numbers), all of the same type, indexed by a tuple of positive integers. The index in NumPy arrays is zero-based, so the first element is the 0th element; the second element is the 1st element, and so on. In NumPy, dimensions are called axes and the number of axes, or dimensions, is called the rank or dimension of the array. To import NumPy into our Jupyter Notebook, we use the numpy as np convention import.

Creating arrays in NumPy

There are the following two methods to create arrays in Python:

  • Creating arrays from lists
  • Using the built-in functions that NumPy provides
...

Using NumPy for simulations

Now let's learn how to use NumPy in a real-world scenario. Here, we will cover two examples of simulations using NumPy, and in the process, we will also learn about other operations that we can do with arrays.

Coin flips

We will look into a coin flip, or coin toss, simulation using NumPy. For this purpose, we will use the randint function that comes in the random submodule from NumPy. This function takes the low, high, and size arguments, which will be the range of random integers that we want for the output. So, in this case, we want the output to be either 0 or 1, so the value for low will be 0 and high will be 2 but not including 2. Here, the size argument will define the number of random...

Summary

In this chapter, we learned about numpy, a library designed to do vectorized operations. We also learned about NumPy arrays, which are the main objects in NumPy. We learned how to create them, looked into their various attributes, explored which arrays are used in basic math, and did some manipulation with arrays. Then, we learned how to perform and run simple simulations using NumPy.

In the next chapter, we will look at pandas, the most popular library for doing data analysis in Python.

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Key benefits

  • Cover all fundamental libraries for operation and manipulation of Python for data analysis
  • Implement real-world datasets to perform predictive analytics with Python
  • Access modern data analysis techniques and detailed code with scikit-learn and SciPy

Description

Python is one of the most common and popular languages preferred by leading data analysts and statisticians for working with massive datasets and complex data visualizations. Become a Python Data Analyst introduces Python’s most essential tools and libraries necessary to work with the data analysis process, right from preparing data to performing simple statistical analyses and creating meaningful data visualizations. In this book, we will cover Python libraries such as NumPy, pandas, matplotlib, seaborn, SciPy, and scikit-learn, and apply them in practical data analysis and statistics examples. As you make your way through the chapters, you will learn to efficiently use the Jupyter Notebook to operate and manipulate data using NumPy and the pandas library. In the concluding chapters, you will gain experience in building simple predictive models and carrying out statistical computation and analysis using rich Python tools and proven data analysis techniques. By the end of this book, you will have hands-on experience performing data analysis with Python.

Who is this book for?

Become a Python Data Analyst is for entry-level data analysts, data engineers, and BI professionals who want to make complete use of Python tools for performing efficient data analysis. Prior knowledge of Python programming is necessary to understand the concepts covered in this book

What you will learn

  • Explore important Python libraries and learn to install Anaconda distribution
  • Understand the basics of NumPy
  • Produce informative and useful visualizations for analyzing data
  • Perform common statistical calculations
  • Build predictive models and understand the principles of predictive analytics
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Table of Contents

7 Chapters
The Anaconda Distribution and Jupyter Notebook Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Vectorizing Operations with NumPy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Pandas - Everyone's Favorite Data Analysis Library Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Visualization and Exploratory Data Analysis Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Statistical Computing with Python Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Introduction to Predictive Analytics Models Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

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Amazon Customer Jan 19, 2020
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Great book to get started in Python Data manipulation. They build up the why on Series and Dataframes in a couple of pages. It's very clear and easy to read for a beginner.
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