Python language and design patterns

Thanks to the high-level built-in language features in Python, many of the formal design patterns are easy to implement. In some cases, the patterns appear so natural to the language that it becomes tough to realize them as formal design patterns. For example, an iterator pattern can be realized by using any iterable object, such as lists, dictionaries, and so on. Let's quickly review such language features or paradigms in this section. It is not an exhaustive list, but we will cover some important aspects.

Tip

The idioms that you are about to read (first-class functions, closures, and so on) might sound onerous. But do not get overwhelmed by these terms! If you are a Python programmer, it is very likely that you have already used many of these features knowingly or unknowingly. If these idioms mean nothing to you at the moment, skip ahead to the next section where we fast forward to an imaginary game scenario. In the upcoming discussion, we will use some...