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Home > Business & Other > Enterprise Resource Planning > Mastering JBoss Drools 6
Mastering JBoss Drools 6
Mastering JBoss Drools 6

Mastering JBoss Drools 6: Discover the power of Drools 6 and Business Rules for developing complex scenarios in your applications

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Mastering JBoss Drools 6

Chapter 2. Writing and Executing Rules

The best way to learn something new is by trying it out. For this reason, in this chapter, we are going to cut to the chase to write and execute our first rules. We will also cover the most important points about the rule language and how to effectively write rules that mean something to your domain. This chapter will use the eShop model introduced in the previous chapter to demonstrate a set of scenarios where rules can be applied.

Before we start coding, in the first half of this chapter, you will learn how to set up all the standard tools required to work with Drools and the examples provided with this book. We will be creating a project from scratch, therefore, you can use this chapter as a reference to start your applications from the ground up. The second half of the chapter will cover the introduction to the DRL language and how we recommend to organize your projects when you are using rules or other knowledge assets such as business...

Setting up our environment

In order to start working with rules, there are a couple of things that we need to consider. First of all, we will be relying on Maven to provide the structure for our projects. I strongly recommend you read about Maven if you are not familiar with it as most of the Drools and jBPM infrastructure is nowadays aligned with Maven, therefore, you will feel much more comfortable when you know how it works. I recommend the following link from the Maven project website if you are completely new to the subject:

https://maven.apache.org/guides/getting-started/index.html

This is not a strong requirement for Drools; however, it is a recommended way to use it. Most of the integration with the project tooling and other modules relies on Maven serving as the standard for project structure and project life cycle and dependency management.

In order to get started, we need to make sure that we have the following software installed on our computer:

  • Java 8 JDK, notice that Drools...

Creating our first Drools project

As mentioned in the previous section, we will use Maven to provide us with the project structure. For this, Maven provides the concept of archetypes, which are project templates that we can use to bootstrap our projects. Most of the IDEs provide a way to use these archetypes in order to create and initialize our projects. Check for your IDE if you need to download a Maven plugin or if Maven support is already bundled. If you want to do this via the command line, we can run the following command:

mvn -B archetype:generate -DarchetypeGroupId=org.apache.maven.archetypes 
  -DgroupId=org.drools.devguide
  -DartifactId=myfirst-drools-project

I recommend you to run this command in the drools6-dev-guide/chapter-02/ directory. This will enable Maven to inherit all the configuration from the parent project configuration defined in drools6-dev-guide/pom.xml. If you do this, your project will know the version of Drools that all the other examples in the book are using...

Writing and executing our first rule

Now that we have our project structure ready, we can write our first rule. For that, we will create a new empty text file. This will be a static resource, therefore, we need to place it in the src/main/resources directory. This text file needs to have the .drl extension so that it can be picked up as a rule file. In the .drl files, we will write as many rules as we want. Now, we will start easy with just one rule.

Let's write our first rule to classify the items based on what they cost us. Our rules.drl text file will look similar to the following:

package myfirstproject.rules
import org.drools.devguide.eshop.model.Item;
import org.drools.devguide.eshop.model.Item.Category;
rule "Classify Item - Low Range"
    when
        $i: Item(cost < 200)
    then
        $i.setCategory(Category.LOW_RANGE);
end

This rule checks for each item that costs less than 200 USD and automatically tags it with a category, in this case, LOW_RANGE. For our shop...

The Rule language

Now that we have executed our first rule, it is time to learn a little bit more about the language that we use to define them. In order to do this, we will start by analyzing the rule that we wrote previously and then we will start creating more advanced rules.

All the rules and examples contained in this section can be found in the chapter-02/chapter-02-kjar/ project. We will use this project throughout the rest of the chapter to store different rules.

As it was mentioned in the first chapter, the rule structure is composed of the conditions and consequence, as follows:

rule "name"
when
    (Conditions) - also called Left Hand Side of the Rule (LHS)
then
    (Actions/Consequence) - also called Right Hand Side of the Rule (RHS)
end

The Conditions (LHS) of the rule are written following the DRL language, which for the sake of simplicity, will not be entirely explained in here. We will be looking at the most common usage of the DRL language throughout the book examples...

Organizing our projects

The more complex our rules become, the more important it is to have tests for them and keep them organized as much as possible. In this section, we will discuss how we organized our example projects for keeping our rules, their tests, and related classes in a structure that can be easily maintained.

We recommend this way of structuring the projects so that each of them keeps a very well-defined scope, set of dependencies, and they can be tested independently. You should keep all the application infrastructural code (user interfaces, system integration, services, and so on) in separate Maven modules as well, therefore, the infrastructure can be maintained in separate cycles from the business knowledge that tends to be updated more frequently by the business needs.

The example repository contains a high-level parent project that is composed by each individual chapter modules. Each individual chapter contains the following three main modules:

  • -kjar: This will contain our...

Setting up our environment

In order to start working with rules, there are a couple of things that we need to consider. First of all, we will be relying on Maven to provide the structure for our projects. I strongly recommend you read about Maven if you are not familiar with it as most of the Drools and jBPM infrastructure is nowadays aligned with Maven, therefore, you will feel much more comfortable when you know how it works. I recommend the following link from the Maven project website if you are completely new to the subject:

https://maven.apache.org/guides/getting-started/index.html

This is not a strong requirement for Drools; however, it is a recommended way to use it. Most of the integration with the project tooling and other modules relies on Maven serving as the standard for project structure and project life cycle and dependency management.

In order to get started, we need to make sure that we have the following software installed on our computer:

  • Java 8 JDK, notice that Drools doesn...

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Key benefits

  • Implement and model different rules using the DRL full syntax
  • Model complex business decisions and domain models in order to automate and improve your operational decisions with the Drools framework
  • A practical, fast-paced, hands-on guide to help you use the different components provided by the Drools Rule Engine

Description

Mastering JBoss Drools 6 will provide you with the knowledge to develop applications involving complex scenarios. You will learn how to use KIE modules to create and execute Business Rules, and how the PHREAK algorithm internally works to drive the Rule Engine decisions. This book will also cover the relationship between Drools and jBPM, which allows you to enrich your applications by using Business Processes. You will be briefly introduced to the concept of complex event processing (Drools CEP) where you will learn how to aggregate and correlate your data based on temporal conditions. You will also learn how to define rules using domain-specific languages, such as spreadsheets, database entries, PMML, and more. Towards the end, this book will take you through the integration of Drools with the Spring and Camel frameworks for more complex applications.

Who is this book for?

This book is for Java developers and architects who need to have a deep understanding of how to create or integrate your applications with the Drools Rules Framework. The book assumes that you know the Java language well and also have experience with some widely used frameworks, such as Spring. You should also know the basics of Maven-based applications.

What you will learn

  • Automate your application's decisions, such as promotion applying, discount policies, fraud detection, and more.
  • Quickly get started with writing your first rules using the DRL full syntax.
  • Discover the power of the new syntax components of the rule language.
  • Define inferences in your business rules to simplify complex decisions.
  • Write decision tables, templates,domain-specific languages, and scorecards, and learn how to map them to the Drools framework.
  • Harness the full operational power of Drools through all of its configuration points.
  • Use Drools configurations and architectures for different environments and scenarios.

Product Details

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Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Mar 31, 2016
Length: 330 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781783288632
Vendor :
Red Hat
Category :
Business & Other
Languages :
Java
Concepts :
Enterprise Resource Planning
Tools :
Drools

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Publication date : Mar 31, 2016
Length: 330 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781783288632
Vendor :
Red Hat
Category :
Business & Other
Languages :
Java
Concepts :
Enterprise Resource Planning
Tools :
Drools

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Table of Contents

12 Chapters
1. Rules Declarative Nature Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
1. Rules Declarative Nature
What are rules?
Why do we use rules?
When should we use rules?
When not to use a rule engine
Summary
2. Writing and Executing Rules Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Writing and Executing Rules
Setting up our environment
Creating our first Drools project
Writing and executing our first rule
The Rule language
Organizing our projects
Summary
3. Drools Runtime Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Drools Runtime
Understanding the Drools runtime instances
KieModule configurations (KieBases, KieSessions & StatelessKieSessions)
KieScanner
Summary
4. Improving Our Rule Syntax Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Improving Our Rule Syntax
Adding external interactions with global variables
Modifying the data in the working memory
Rule attributes
Controlling loops in rules
Special Drools operations
Working memory breakdown: the from clause
Drools syntactic sugar
Decorating our objects in memory
Logical insertion of elements
Rule inheritance
Summary
5. Understanding KIE Sessions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Understanding KIE Sessions
Stateless and stateful Kie Sessions
Kie runtime components
Kie Base components
Summary
6. Complex Event Processing Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Complex Event Processing
What is complex event processing?
Declaring CEP-based Rules
Event-driven architecture
Running CEP-based Scenarios
Drools CEP limitations
Summary
7. Human-Readable Rules Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Human-Readable Rules
Domain Specific Languages
Decision tables
Rule templates
PMML
Summary
8. Rules' Testing and Troubleshooting Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Rules' Testing and Troubleshooting
Create loosely coupled DRLs
Prefer KieHelper over a KieContainer classpath
Benefits of using globals
Debugging the left-hand side of a rule
Debugging the right-hand side of a rule
Reporting a bug in Drools
Summary
9. Introduction to PHREAK Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
9. Introduction to PHREAK
Introducing PHREAK
Special nodes in the network
Queries and backward-chaining
PHREAK improvements over RETE
Phreak Inspector
Summary
10. Integrating Rules and Processes Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
10. Integrating Rules and Processes
jBPM – the process engine
Simple business process example
Drools and jBPM: integration patterns
Persistence and transactions
Summary
11. Integrating Drools with our Apps Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
11. Integrating Drools with our Apps
Architecture considerations
Integrating with the rest of an application
CDI integration
Spring integration
Camel integration
Kie Execution Server
Kie Workbench
Drools and beyond: extending our functionality
Summary
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index

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Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
(1 Ratings)
5 star 0%
4 star 0%
3 star 100%
2 star 0%
1 star 0%
D. Cyze Apr 23, 2018
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
I'm only 30 pages into the book, and the content seems alright. However, the number of typos and poor copy-editing is making it difficult to continue.Nearly every page contains multiple sentences similar to the following:"This modify() method is another operation provided by the Rule Engine to make sure that the engine knows that a fact has been changed and ***the change needs to be notified to other rules*** that might be looking to match these changes."I will update my review when I finish the book. At this point, three stars is the absolute highest rating I could give the book.
Amazon Verified review Amazon

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About the 3 authors

Left arrow icon
Profile icon Aliverti
Aliverti
Esteban Aliverti is a software engineer and a former Drools/JBPM consultant. He is also a fervent open source promoter and developer with meaningful contributions to the JBoss Drools and JBPM frameworks for the past six years. He is the coauthor of jBPM5 Developer Guide and jBPM6 Developer Guide by Packt Publishing and was awarded the JBoss' Community Recognition Award in 2012 and 2013.
Read more
See other products by Aliverti
Profile icon Salatino
Salatino
Mauricio Salatino is a Senior software engineer at JBoss/RedHat. Mauricio works full time as a Drools and jBPM Core Developer and is in charge of developing the new generation Business Process Management Suite, along with contributing to the evolution of Drools and jBPM. Mauricio is the author of three Packt Publishing books about jBPM: jBPM6 Developer Guide, jBPM5 Developer Guide, and jBPM Developer Guide. Mauricio is based in London, UK, and in his spare time he likes to meet community members of different open source projects to build interesting projects.
Read more
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Profile icon Mariano De Maio
Mariano De Maio
Mariano De Maio is an IT consultant and software developer with over eleven years of experience in Java and open source frameworks. He has been working with Drools and jBPM for the last six years and has collaborated with the Drools and jBPM projects several items, including Infinispan's persistence modules, extensions to the jBPM APIs, and different add-ons to the tooling functionality. In 2013, he wrote jBPM6 Developer Guide for Packt Publishing, along with Mauricio Salatino and Esteban Aliverti. In 2015, he co-founded jWoop, http://www.jwoop.com, which is a company that provides consultancy and training around the world. He has participated in international conferences, such as Decision Camp and other Decision Management webinars. Mariano is based in Buenos Aires, where he is happily married to his wife, Tamara, and takes care of his beautiful daughter, Sofia. In his free time, he likes to work on contributions to the open source projects he is using. He also runs his personal blog, http://marianbuenosayres.wordpress.com, about jBPM, Drools, and Decision Management. You can find him through the official Drools IRC channel #drools at irc.freenode.net, under the nickname mariano or mariano84.
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Packt eBooks are a complete electronic version of the print edition, available in PDF and ePub formats. Every piece of content down to the page numbering is the same. Because we save the costs of printing and shipping the book to you, we are able to offer eBooks at a lower cost than print editions.

When you have purchased an eBook, simply login to your account and click on the link in Your Download Area. We recommend you saving the file to your hard drive before opening it.

For optimal viewing of our eBooks, we recommend you download and install the free Adobe Reader version 9.