Sharing via SSHFS
SFTP over SSH (SSHFS) is a technology for remote access via the encrypted SSH protocol. It is currently implemented via Filesystem_In_Userspace (FUSE) and is comparable to NFS from a performance point of view. The performance is lower only for Windows clients for large amounts of data.
Compared to NFS and Samba, it mounts the server FS directly in a local FS location. Thus, in its standard usage, it is a way to access the complete filesystem of a server from a remote location. The presented simple example is applicable only for a non-root user. Mounting root-owned directories is not possible with the presented approach, thus you are safe. To mount root-owned directories, you need to perform additional configurations, which I will not provide, as it is more complicated and a severe security issue. In addition, you already know how to log in as a given user, and should it has sudo permissions, you are able to perform administrative tasks.
On the server side, we...