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Data Analysis with R

You're reading from Data Analysis with R

Product type Book

Published in Dec 2015

Publisher

ISBN-13 9781785288142

Pages 388 pages

Edition 1st Edition

Languages

Concepts

Table of Contents (20) Chapters

Data Analysis with R

Credits

About the Author

About the Reviewer

www.PacktPub.com

Preface

1. RefresheR

2. The Shape of Data

3. Describing Relationships

4. Probability

5. Using Data to Reason About the World

6. Testing Hypotheses

7. Bayesian Methods

8. Predicting Continuous Variables

9. Predicting Categorical Variables

10. Sources of Data

11. Dealing with Messy Data

12. Dealing with Large Data

13. Reproducibility and Best Practices

Index

Central tendency

One very popular question to ask about univariate data is What is the typical value? or What's the value around which the data are centered?. To answer these questions, we have to measure the central tendency of a set of data.

We've seen one measure of central tendency already: the mode. The mtcars$carburetors data subset was bimodal, with a two and four carburetor setup being the most popular. The mode is the central tendency measure that is applicable to categorical data.

The mode of a discretized continuous distribution is usually considered to be the interval that contains the highest frequency of data points. This makes it dependent on the method and parameters of the binning. Finding the mode of data from a non-discretized continuous distribution is a more complicated procedure, which we'll see later.

Perhaps the most famous and commonly used measure of central tendency is the mean. The mean is the sum of a set of numerics divided by the number of elements in that set...

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