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RESTful Java Web Services, Second Edition
RESTful Java Web Services, Second Edition

RESTful Java Web Services, Second Edition: Design scalable and robust RESTful web services with JAX-RS and Jersey extension APIs

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Profile Icon Jobinesh Purushothaman
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$48.99
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.1 (10 Ratings)
Paperback Sep 2015 354 pages 1st Edition
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Arrow left icon
Profile Icon Jobinesh Purushothaman
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$48.99
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.1 (10 Ratings)
Paperback Sep 2015 354 pages 1st Edition
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$27.98 $39.99
Paperback
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RESTful Java Web Services, Second Edition

Chapter 2. Java APIs for JSON Processing

In the previous chapter, you were introduced to the REST architectural style. Remember that REST does not prescribe any specific message format for client-server communication. One can use an appropriate format for representing messages as long as the chosen format is supported by HTTP. XML and JSON are the two most popular formats used by RESTful web services today. Out of these two formats, JSON has been widely adopted by many vendors because of it is simple and lightweight. In this chapter, you will learn more about the JSON message format and various processing tools and frameworks related to JSON.

The following topics are covered in this chapter:

  • A brief overview of JSON
  • Using the JSR 353—Java API for processing JSON
  • Using the Jackson API for processing JSON
  • Using the Gson API for processing JSON

A brief overview of JSON

JSON is a lightweight, text-based, platform neutral, data interchange format in which objects are represented in the attribute-value pair format. Historically, JSON originated from JavaScript. However, nowadays, it is considered to be a language-independent format because of its wide adoption by all modern programming languages. In this section, you will learn the basics of the JSON format. You will also learn how to represent real-life business data in the JSON format.

Understanding the JSON data syntax

The JSON format is very simple by design. It is represented by the following two data structures:

  • An unordered collection of name-value pairs (representing an object): The attributes of an object and their values are represented in the name-value pair format; the name and the value in a pair is separated by a colon (:). Names in an object are strings, and values may be of any of the valid JSON data types such as number, string, Boolean, array, object, or null. Each...

Processing JSON data

If you use Java RESTful web service frameworks, such as JAX-RS, for building RESTful web APIs, the serialization and deserialization of the request and response messages will be taken care of by the framework. However, understanding the JSON structure and tools for processing JSON will definitely help you when the default offering by the framework does not meet your requirements. The following diagram illustrates the role of the JSON marshalling and unmarshalling components in a typical Java RESTful web service implementation:

Processing JSON data

This section will teach you the various processing models for JSON data. By the term processing, we mean reading, writing, querying, and modifying JSON data. Two widely adopted programming models for processing JSON are as follows:

  • Object model: In this model, the entire JSON data is read into memory in a tree format. This tree can be traversed, analyzed, or modified with the appropriate APIs. As this approach loads the entire content into the memory...

Using JSR 353 – Java API for processing JSON

There are many Java-based frameworks available today for processing JSON. In this section, we will learn about the APIs available on the Java EE platform for processing JSON. Java EE 7 has standardized the JSON processing APIs with Java Specification Request (JSR), that is, JSR 353 - Java API for JSON Processing. This JSR offers portable APIs to parse, generate, transform, and query JSON data. The JSR 353 APIs can be classified into two categories on the basis of the processing model followed by the APIs:

  • Object model API
  • Streaming model API

We had a generic discussion on these two processing models in the previous section, Processing JSON data. In this section, we will see how these processing models are implemented in JSR 353.

Tip

Dependencies for JSR 353 - Java API for JSON Processing are listed at https://jsonp.java.net/download.html.

Processing JSON with JSR 353 object model APIs

This category of APIs generates an in-memory tree model...

Using the Jackson API for processing JSON

Jackson is a multipurpose data processing Java library. The primary capability of this tool is the support for processing JSON. It also has additional modules for processing the data encoded in other popular formats such as Apache Avro (a data serialization system), Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR)—a binary JSON format, Smile (a binary JSON format), XML, comma-separated values (CSV), and YAML. In this section, we will learn how to use Jackson APIs for processing JSON.

Jackson provides the following three alternative methods for processing JSON:

  • Tree model APIs: This method provides APIs for building a tree representation of a JSON document
  • Data binding API: This method provides APIs for converting a JSON document into and from Java objects
  • Streaming API: This method provides streaming APIs for reading and writing a JSON document

We will discuss the preceding three methods in detail in this section.

Tip

To know the dependencies of Jackson2...

Using the Gson API for processing JSON

Gson is an open source Java library that can be used for converting Java objects into JSON representations and vice versa. The Gson library was originally developed by Google for its internal use and later open sourced under the terms of Apache License 2.0.

Tip

To find out the dependencies of Gson APIs, refer to https://sites.google.com/site/gson/gson-user-guide/using-gson-with-maven2.

Processing JSON with object model APIs in Gson

The main class in the Gson library that you will use for building an object model from the JSON data is the com.google.gson.Gson class. Here is a list of the core Gson classes from the object model API category:

Class

Description

com.google.gson.GsonBuilder

This class is useful when you need to construct a Gson instance, overriding the default configurations such as custom date format, pretty printing, and custom sterilization.

com.google.gson.Gson

This class is the main class for using Gson. This class does the conversion...

A brief overview of JSON


JSON is a lightweight, text-based, platform neutral, data interchange format in which objects are represented in the attribute-value pair format. Historically, JSON originated from JavaScript. However, nowadays, it is considered to be a language-independent format because of its wide adoption by all modern programming languages. In this section, you will learn the basics of the JSON format. You will also learn how to represent real-life business data in the JSON format.

Understanding the JSON data syntax

The JSON format is very simple by design. It is represented by the following two data structures:

  • An unordered collection of name-value pairs (representing an object): The attributes of an object and their values are represented in the name-value pair format; the name and the value in a pair is separated by a colon (:). Names in an object are strings, and values may be of any of the valid JSON data types such as number, string, Boolean, array, object, or null. Each...

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Description

REST (REpresentational State Transfer) is a simple yet powerful software architecture style to create scalable web services and allow them to be simple, lightweight, and fast. The REST API uses HTTP and JSON, so that it can be used with many programming languages such as Ruby, Java, Python, and Scala. Its use in Java seems to be the most popular though, because of the API's reusability. This book is a guide to developing RESTful web services in Java using the popular RESTful framework APIs available today. You will begin with gaining an in-depth knowledge of the RESTful software architectural style and its relevance in modern applications. Further, you will understand the APIs to parse, generate, transform, and query JSON effectively. Then, you will see how to build a simple RESTful service using the popular JAX-RS 2.0 API along with some real-world examples. This book will introduce you to the Jersey framework API, which is used to simplify your web services. You will also see how to secure your services with various authentication mechanisms. You will get to grips with various solutions to describe, produce, consume, and visualize RESTful web services. Finally, you will see how to design your web services to equip them for the future technological advances, be it Cloud or mobile computing. By the end of this book, you will be able to efficiently build robust, scalable, and secure RESTful web services, making use of the JAX-RS and Jersey framework extensions.

Who is this book for?

If you are a web developer with a basic understanding of the REST concepts but are new to the idea of designing and developing RESTful web services, this is the book for you. As all the code samples for the book are written in Java, proficiency in Java is a must.

What you will learn

  • Introduce yourself to the RESTful software architectural style and the REST API design principles
  • Make use of the JSR 353 APIs and Jackson API for JSON processing
  • Build portable RESTful web APIs, making use of the JAXRS 2.0 API
  • Simplify API development using the Jersey extension APIs
  • Secure your RESTful web services with various authentication and authorization mechanisms
  • Get to grips with the various metadata solutions to describe, produce, and consume RESTful web services
  • Understand the design and coding guidelines to build wellperforming RESTful APIs
  • See how the role of RESTful web services changes with emerging technologies and trends
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Publication date : Sep 22, 2015
Length: 354 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781784399092
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Table of Contents

10 Chapters
1. Introducing the REST Architectural Style Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Java APIs for JSON Processing Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Introducing the JAX-RS API Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Advanced Features in the JAX-RS API Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Introducing the Jersey Framework Extensions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Securing RESTful Web Services Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. The Description and Discovery of RESTful Web Services Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. RESTful API Design Guidelines Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
A. Useful Features and Techniques Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

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Devendra S. Apr 18, 2019
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Good quality
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Sachin Sathaye Jan 09, 2017
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Great book for anyone who needs to know inside out about how to build Restful services. This book starts with introduction to REST architecture and then takes you into the exciting journey of REST universe that includes design, coding, best practice and real-life use cases. I would highly recommend this book for anyone who wants to know how to build scalable application using REST services.
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Albertazzi Angelo Sep 18, 2016
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Well written book, rich, useful and very clear. I also suggest reading "RESTful Java with JAX-RS 2.0". They complete each other.
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VINAY AGARWAL Nov 19, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
This is one of the good book available in the market today to begin your journey with REST API development using Java. Chapter 1, introduces you to basics of RESTful web APIs. Chapter 2, teaches you JSON and JSON parsers. The first two chapters are introductory and easy to follow. You may truly enjoy these chapters if you are new to REST. Chapter 3 , introduces you to JAX-RS and Chapter 4 takes you to advanced topics in JAX-RS. Chapter 5, takes you through some of the Jersey offering which you may find very useful while dealing with many real life use cases. Chapter 6 introduces you to security - not in depth, however basics are covered very nicely. Chapter 7 teaches common formats used for Description and Discovery of RESTful Web Services. I'm not aware of any other book on Java REST API covers this topic. Chapter 8 gives you some useful tips for designing REST API- another well written chapter. You will also find downloadable code samples for each chapter in the Packt Pub site, which makes your life easier while learning complex topics such as building custom entity types. Overall this is great asset for anyone who want to learn(beginner or intermediate) RESTful web API development using JAX-RS.
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Cliente de Kindle Aug 05, 2017
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very well.
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