Summary
Essentially two things are brought to the table with containers—the ability to run many more applications on your servers than you are doing today, and the ability to easily develop applications in a standardized way, a way that makes them ready for both scalability and cloud utilization. Usability of containers in the real world has been expanded greatly by the Docker project. The folks at Docker are clearly the front-runners in this space, enough so that Microsoft has decided to incorporate the use of Docker—an open source project developed by Linux guys!—straight into Windows Server 2016. We can now utilize both the Docker engine to run containers on our Windows servers, as well as the Docker toolset to manage and manipulate containers inside Windows in the same way we can work with containers in the Linux world.
Linux containers and Windows Server Containers have a lot in common, and function in basically the same way. If we were only looking at Windows Server...