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Mastering Palo Alto Networks

You're reading from   Mastering Palo Alto Networks Deploy and manage industry-leading PAN-OS 10.x solutions to secure your users and infrastructure

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Product type Paperback
Published in Sep 2020
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781789956375
Length 514 pages
Edition 1st Edition
Concepts
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Author (1):
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Tom Piens Aka 'Reaper' Tom Piens Aka 'Reaper'
Author Profile Icon Tom Piens Aka 'Reaper'
Tom Piens Aka 'Reaper'
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Table of Contents (18) Chapters Close

Preface 1. Section 1: First Steps and Basic Configuration
2. Chapter 1: Understanding the Core Technologies FREE CHAPTER 3. Chapter 2: Setting Up a New Device 4. Section 2: Advanced Configuration and Putting the Features to Work
5. Chapter 3: Building Strong Policies 6. Chapter 4: Taking Control of Sessions 7. Chapter 5: Services and Operational Modes 8. Chapter 6: Identifying Users and Controlling Access 9. Chapter 7: Managing Firewalls through Panorama 10. Section 3: Maintenance and Troubleshooting
11. Chapter 8: Upgrading Firewalls and Panorama 12. Chapter 9: Logging and Reporting 13. Chapter 10: VPN and Advanced Protection 14. Chapter 11: Troubleshooting Common Session Issues 15. Chapter 12: A Deep Dive into Troubleshooting 16. Chapter 13: Supporting Tools 17. Other Books You May Enjoy

Interpreting session details

The log details tell you a lot about a session, but not everything. Sessions, while being processed, have several different parameters that only translate to how they are being processed at a particular moment in time.

The session table is made up of a finite number of session IDs, so session IDs end up getting reused after the available IDs have been cycled through. There are seven different states that a session can be in:

  • Initial or INIT: A session that is ready and waiting to be used by a new flow is in the INIT state.
  • Opening: This is a transient state in which a session ID is assigned to a flow while it is being evaluated to become a full session. This stage accounts for half-open TCP connections, so it has more aggressive timers that close the session if the handshake is not completed within due time.
  • Active: This is the state in which everything happens – the flow is up and packets are being passed back and forth.
  • Closing...
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