Learning basic Linux commands

The following table lists a few basic Linux commands:

Command	Description
$ ls	This command is used to check the contents of the directory.
$ pwd	This command is used to check the present working directory.
$ mkdir work	We will work in a separate directory called work in our home directory. Use this command to create a new directory called work in the current folder.
$ cd work	This command will change our working directory to the newly created directory work.
$ pwd	This command can be used to verify whether we moved to the expected directory.
$ touch hello.sh	This command is used to create a new empty file called hello.sh in the current folder.
$ cp hello.sh bye.sh	This command is used to copy one file into another file. This will copy hello.sh as bye.sh.
$ mv bye.sh welcome.sh	This command is used to rename a file. This will rename bye.sh as welcome.sh.
$ ll	This command will display detailed information about files.
$ mv welcome.sh .welcome.sh $ ls	Let's see some magic. Rename the file using the mv command and the run the ls command. Now, the ls command will not display our file .welcome.sh. That file gets hidden. Any filename or directory name starting with "." (dot) becomes hidden.
$ ls -a	This command is used to see hidden files.
$ rm .welcolme.sh	This command is used to delete the file.

Note

If we delete any file from GUI such as Graphical User Interface, then it will be moved to the /home/user/.local/share/Trash/files/ all deleted files folder.