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Hands-On Software Architecture with Golang
Hands-On Software Architecture with Golang

Hands-On Software Architecture with Golang: Design and architect highly scalable and robust applications using Go

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Hands-On Software Architecture with Golang

Packaging Code

When Mihai Budiu interviewed Brian Kernighan in 2000 (http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mihaib/kernighan-interview/index.html), Brian Kernighan was asked the following question:

"Can you tell us about the worst features of C, from your point of view?"

He responded with the following:

"I think that the real problem with C is that it doesn't give you enough mechanisms for structuring really big programs, for creating firewalls within programs so you can keep the various pieces apart. It's not that you can't do all of these things, that you can't simulate object-oriented programming or other methodology you want in C. You can simulate it, but the compiler, the language itself, isn't giving you any help."

Developers should be warned when they feel that code is being pushed into arbitrary places. This generally implies that the code...

Contracts

A software contract is a formalized documentation of an interaction with a software component. It can be an interface (in the object-oriented sense), an API, or a protocol (for example, TCP). Contracts allow diverse unconnected components of a system to work together. Having clear, crisp contracts is a prerequisite to enabling successful distributed software development. Here, distributed means not just in the normal distributed systems sense (software with independent components), but also distributed teams.

All libraries and products implement contracts, explicit or implicit. Contracts may be documented (using formal prose such as RFCs, ideally), or embedded in code (less than ideal unless clearly called out).

Contracts do change. The key task of the architect is to ensure the following:

  • Contracts are durable and not reactive, and there is no change amplification...

Object orientation

In object-oriented programming, the key idea is to split code into several small, manageable parts or objects. Each object has its own identity, data (or attributes), and logic (or behavior). For example, consider modeling an elephant in software.

Attributes are the properties of the object. For example, in the case of the elephant, things such as these:

  • Weight
  • Color
  • Type
  • Location

The collection of all these attributes describes the current state of an object. The state of one object is generally independent of another. Behavior is things that the object can do; in the case of an elephant, it can trumpet. Behavior is the object's interface with the outside world. The individual constructs (or functions) by which you can invoke behavior on the object are called methods.

A class is a blueprint, or a template for objects that share the same behavior and...

Modules

Eventually, any interesting software project will come to depend on another project, library, or framework. Packages provide a namespace or a firewall for your code. By firewall I mean, insulate the code in the package from changes in other parts or packages. Entities inside a package (types, functions, variables, and so on) can be exported (public—visible outside the package) or unexported (private—not visible outside the package). The way to control visibility is exactly like the mechanism described for classes: if the identifier name starts with a capital letter, and it is exported from the package, otherwise, it's unexported.

This is an example of a convention over configuration paradigm and is one of the key enablers of encapsulation in Go. The rule of thumb is this:

All code of the package should be private, unless explicitly needed by other client...

Testing

There are two critical aspects that affect the testability of a good application:

  • Writing code that can be tested easily
  • Having self-contained, easily reproducible tests

The first part is about structuring code so that the code business logic is isolated from dependencies such as external services, and so on. This allows mocking the dependencies about these boundaries to allow the test cases to exercise the execution flow along various interesting paths. For example, consider you are writing the flight search feature on a travel marketplace. There are two aspects to this:

  • Obtaining prices for a sector from various providers
  • Running some business logic to filter and sort the results

Now, it may not be possible to get various error scenarios reliably reproduced by making direct calls to the provider. Also, it might be expensive (and insecure) to give API keys to...

Summary

To summarize, good packaging is important because it enables changes to code to happen faster with less risk (it is easy to grasp what to change and where due to the clear separation of concerns within the modules). This also leads to fewer bugs in production.

Good packaging also helps the non-technical aspects of engineering: there is a clear quanta of ownership for teams, and so there are fewer conflicts/communication and more of a sense of ownership.

In the next chapter, we will begin to look at design patterns. These are blueprints for solutions to various well-known scenarios that we encounter in software engineering.

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Key benefits

  • Gain knowledge of architectural approaches on SOA and microservices for architectural decisions
  • Explore different architectural patterns for building distributed applications
  • Migrate applications written in Java or Python to the Go language

Description

Building software requires careful planning and architectural considerations; Golang was developed with a fresh perspective on building next-generation applications on the cloud with distributed and concurrent computing concerns. Hands-On Software Architecture with Golang starts with a brief introduction to architectural elements, Go, and a case study to demonstrate architectural principles. You'll then move on to look at code-level aspects such as modularity, class design, and constructs specific to Golang and implementation of design patterns. As you make your way through the chapters, you'll explore the core objectives of architecture such as effectively managing complexity, scalability, and reliability of software systems. You'll also work through creating distributed systems and their communication before moving on to modeling and scaling of data. In the concluding chapters, you'll learn to deploy architectures and plan the migration of applications from other languages. By the end of this book, you will have gained insight into various design and architectural patterns, which will enable you to create robust, scalable architecture using Golang.

Who is this book for?

Hands-On Software Architecture with Golang is for software developers, architects, and CTOs looking to use Go in their software architecture to build enterprise-grade applications. Programming knowledge of Golang is assumed.

What you will learn

  • Understand architectural paradigms and deep dive into Microservices
  • Design parallelism/concurrency patterns and learn object-oriented design patterns in Go
  • Explore API-driven systems architecture with introduction to REST and GraphQL standards
  • Build event-driven architectures and make your architectures anti-fragile
  • Engineer scalability and learn how to migrate to Go from other languages
  • Get to grips with deployment considerations with CICD pipeline, cloud deployments, and so on
  • Build an end-to-end e-commerce (travel) application backend in Go

Product Details

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Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Dec 07, 2018
Length: 500 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781788622592
Vendor :
Google
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Product Details

Publication date : Dec 07, 2018
Length: 500 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781788622592
Vendor :
Google
Category :
Languages :
Concepts :
Tools :

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Table of Contents

13 Chapters
Building Big with Go Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Packaging Code Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Design Patterns Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Scaling Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Going Distributed Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Messaging Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building APIs Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Modeling Data Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Anti-Fragile Systems Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Case Study – Travel Website Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Planning for Deployment Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Migrating Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Top Reviews
Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
(12 Ratings)
5 star 58.3%
4 star 16.7%
3 star 0%
2 star 16.7%
1 star 8.3%
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Pai001 Jan 29, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Great book for Senior Developers, Architects. Good overview of GO !
Amazon Verified review Amazon
SAT Apr 13, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Good coverage of many modern software architecture concepts. Interesting to see coverage of micro services management patterns and libraries like Hysterix
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Michael Kalika Jan 16, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I’ve just start reading this book and find it great for architects, CTOs and senior engineers. Reading this book is like talking to your architect friend who set multiple teams for success. It’s not only technical, but it also defines the role of the architect very well and how architects can make their team successful and create an impact. I used to work with the author of this book in the past and this is indeed his style.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Gautam Shanbhag Feb 21, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Helpful book, worth to own a copy.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Kindle Customer Aug 08, 2021
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
There were DOZENS of small grammatical errors, to the point that I stopped marking them and just inferred what the author meant. If they'd like to get back to me I can tell them the pages where the english grammar was incorrect. Overall a very enlightening book on distributed systems architecture with GOLang and a well written great book overall.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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