Summary

In addition to the PostgreSQL catalog, there are several tools and extensions that provide monitoring information, such as pg_stat_statements, which shows statistics about the queries executed in the database server, and pg_buffercache, which is used to get deeper insight into caching.

The PostgreSQL catalog contains meta information about PostgreSQL databases and objects. This information can be retrieved and manipulated using SQL statements. However, it is not recommended to manipulate the data directly in a catalog schema. Also, a more user friendly version of this meta information can be found in the information_schema schema.

• PostgreSQL provides a huge set of administration functions to get information from the database cluster and also to configure its behavior. Some database administration functions can be used to control the database system's behavior.

• One should keep an eye on the pg_stat_activity function to determine the unclosed connections.

• The pg_stat_activity and pg_locks...