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Home > Data > Data Visualization > D3.js 4.x Data Visualization
D3.js 4.x Data Visualization
D3.js 4.x Data Visualization

D3.js 4.x Data Visualization: Learn to visualize your data with JavaScript , Third Edition

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D3.js 4.x Data Visualization

A Primer on DOM, SVG, and CSS

You might already be used to manipulating DOM and CSS with libraries such as jQuery; if so, much of this will seem very familiar, as D3 has a full suite of manipulation tools. If not, don't worry, as this chapter exists to get everyone up to speed.

Very similar to HTML's DOM is the SVG namespace, which we'll use for most of the examples in this book. SVG is at the core of building truly great visualizations, so we'll take special care to understand it, starting out by manually drawing shapes and then doing the same using D3's path generators in Chapter 3, Shape Primitives of D3.

In this chapter, we'll take a look at the core technologies that make D3 tick. They are as follows:

  • Document Object Model (DOM)
  • Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
  • Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

DOM

The Document Object Model (DOM) is a language-agnostic model for representing structured documents built in HTML, XML, or similar standards. You can think of it as a tree of nodes that closely resembles the document parsed by the browser.

At the top, there is an implicit document node, which represents the <html> tag; browsers create this tag even if you don't specify it and then build the tree off this root node according to what your document looks like. Consider a simple HTML file to be like the following:

<!DOCTYPE html> 
<title>A title</title> 
<div> 
  <p>A paragraph of text</p> 
</div> 
<ul> 
  <li>List item</li> 
  <li>List item 2, <em><strong>italic</strong></em></li> 
</ul>

Note how we don't have the <html>, <head> or <body> tags. Chrome...

What exactly did we do here?

The key is in the three for...each statements that we used. One loops through the array of table header strings, and appends a table cell (td) element with each value into the thead row. There are then two nested .forEach() statements that do the same for each row in the body. We technically only have one row in the body right now, so probably didn't need that messy double for...each, but now all we have to do to add another row to the table is simply append another data array to the rows variable. We'll talk more about Array.prototype.forEach and other array functions in the next chapter.

This might seem like a lot of work for such a simple table, but the advantages of doing it this way are huge. Instead of wasting a bunch of time typing out a totally static table that you'll never use again, you've effectively created a basic...

Scalable Vector Graphics

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is a vector graphics format that describes images with XML. It has been around since 1999 and is supported by all major browsers nowadays.

Vector images can be rendered in any size without becoming fuzzy. This means that you can render the same image on a large retina display or a small mobile phone, and it will look great in both cases.

SVG images are made up of shapes you can create from scratch using paths or put together from basic shapes (for example, lines and circles) defined in the standard. The format itself represents shapes with XML elements and attributes. Since it's an XML-style standard like HTML, quite a lot of what you may already know about HTML also applies to SVG.

As such, SVG code is just a bunch of text you can edit manually, inspect with your browser's normal debugging tools, and compress with...

CSS

Cascading Stylesheets (CSS) have been with us since 1996, making them one of the oldest staples of the Web, even though they only reached widespread popularity with the tables versus CSS wars of the early 2000s.

You're probably familiar with using CSS for styling HTML. So, this section will be a refreshing breeze after all that weird-looking SVG stuff.

My favorite thing about CSS is its simplicity; consider the following code:

selector { 
  attribute: value; 
}

That describes CSS better than I can--you use selectors to modify properties using values. Although there's a bit more to it, particularly in terms of how properties cascade down the DOM tree, the above is pretty much it.

We've been using selectors all this time. A selector is any string that describes one or more elements in a DOM tree.

Although you can get fancy with selectors, there's been a lot...

DOM

The Document Object Model (DOM) is a language-agnostic model for representing structured documents built in HTML, XML, or similar standards. You can think of it as a tree of nodes that closely resembles the document parsed by the browser.

 

At the top, there is an implicit document node, which represents the <html> tag; browsers create this tag even if you don't specify it and then build the tree off this root node according to what your document looks like. Consider a simple HTML file to be like the following:

<!DOCTYPE html> 
<title>A title</title> 
<div> 
  <p>A paragraph of text</p> 
</div> 
<ul> 
  <li>List item</li> 
  <li>List item 2, <em><strong>italic</strong></em></li> 
</ul>

Note how we don't have the <html>, <head> or <body> tags. Chrome will parse the preceding code to DOM, as follows:

Type document into the Chrome JavaScript console to get this tree view...

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Key benefits

  • Build interactive and rich graphics and visualization using JavaScript`s powerful library D3.js
  • Learn D3 from the ground up, using the all-new version 4 of the library
  • Gain insight into producing high-quality, extensible charts and visualizations using best practices such as writing testable, extensible code and strong typing

Description

Want to get started with impressive interactive visualizations and implement them in your daily tasks? This book offers the perfect solution-D3.js. It has emerged as the most popular tool for data visualization. This book will teach you how to implement the features of the latest version of D3 while writing JavaScript using the newest tools and technique You will start by setting up the D3 environment and making your first basic bar chart. You will then build stunning SVG and Canvas-based data visualizations while writing testable, extensible code,as accurate and informative as it is visually stimulating. Step-by-step examples walk you through creating, integrating, and debugging different types of visualization and will have you building basic visualizations (such as bar, line, and scatter graphs) in no time. By the end of this book, you will have mastered the techniques necessary to successfully visualize data and will be ready to use D3 to transform any data into an engaging and sophisticated visualization.

Who is this book for?

This book is for web developers, interactive news developers, data scientists, and anyone interested in representing data through interactive visualizations on the Web with D3. Some basic knowledge of JavaScript is expected, but no prior experience with data visualization or D3 is required to follow this book.

What you will learn

  • Map data to visual elements using D3 s scales
  • Draw SVG elements using D3 s shape generators
  • Transform data using D3 s collection methods
  • Use D3 s various layout patterns to quickly generate various common types of chart
  • Write modern JavaScript using ES2017 and Babel
  • Explore the basics of unit testing D3 visualizations using Mocha and Chai
  • Write and deploy a simple Node.js web service to render charts via HTML Canvas
  • Understand what makes a good data visualization and how to use the tools at your disposal to create accurate charts

Product Details

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Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Apr 28, 2017
Length: 308 pages
Edition : 3rd
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781787128156
Category :
Data
Languages :
JavaScript
Concepts :
Data Visualization
Tools :
D3

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Publication date : Apr 28, 2017
Length: 308 pages
Edition : 3rd
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781787128156
Category :
Data
Languages :
JavaScript
Concepts :
Data Visualization
Tools :
D3

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D3.js: Cutting-edge Data Visualization
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Table of Contents

10 Chapters
Getting Started with D3, ES2017, and Node.js Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Getting Started with D3, ES2017, and Node.js
What is D3.js?
What's new in D3 v4?
What's ES2017?
Getting started with Node and Git on the command line
A quick Chrome Developer Tools primer
The obligatory bar chart example
Summary
A Primer on DOM, SVG, and CSS Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
A Primer on DOM, SVG, and CSS
DOM
What exactly did we do here?
Scalable Vector Graphics
CSS
Summary
Shape Primitives of D3 Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Shape Primitives of D3
Using paths
Axes
Summary
Making Data Useful Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Making Data Useful
Thinking about data functionally
Scales
Loading data
Flow control
Geography
Summary
Defining the User Experience - Animation and Interaction Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Defining the User Experience - Animation and Interaction
Animation
Interacting with the user
Behaviors
Summary
Hierarchical Layouts of D3 Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Hierarchical Layouts of D3
What are layouts and why should you care?
Hierarchical layouts
Tree the whales!
Muster the cluster!
Money for nothing, treemaps for free (maps)
Smitten with partition
Pack it up, pack it in, let me begin...
Bonus chart! Sunburst radial partition joy!
Summary
The Other Layouts Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
The Other Layouts
Hoorah for modular code
When the moon hits your eye (chart), like a big pizza pie (chart)
Histograms, Herstograms, Yourstograms, and Mystograms
Striking a chord
May the force (simulation) be with you
Got mad stacks
Bonus chart - Streamalicious!
Summary
D3 on the Server with Canvas, Koa 2, and Node.js Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
D3 on the Server with Canvas, Koa 2, and Node.js
Readying the environment
All aboard the Koa train to servertown!
Proximity detection and the Voronoi geom
Rendering in Canvas on the server
Deploying to Heroku
Summary
Having Confidence in Your Visualizations Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Having Confidence in Your Visualizations
Linting everything!
Static type checking: TypeScript versus Tern.js
Behavior-driven development with Mocha and Chai
Summary
Designing Good Data Visualizations Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Designing Good Data Visualizations
Choosing the right dimensions, choosing the right chart
Clarity, honesty, and a sense of purpose
Helping your audience understand scale
Using color effectively
Understanding your audience
Summary

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Customer reviews

Rating distribution
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Steve Gailey Sep 27, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 2
Impenetrable. The author jumps right in without even making clear what you should already know. this is a book for someone very familiar with modern Javascript and with the V3 D3 libraries, not someone who knows javascript a little and is not familiar with D3.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
DanBy Jul 27, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 2
Having reached the halfway point with this book I have to say this is among the poorer tech tutorial/guides I've read.Although the book claims otherwise this would be hard to follow without a fair prior understanding of javascript. If you are not at least passingly familiar with contemporary functional javascript large tracts of the text will be quite mystifying as the functional idioms used are never adequately explained. I would imagine for more novice programmers having to deal with the cognitive load of unpicking that code while also trying to learn the example d3 components would be very frustrating.Speaking of frustrating if you attempt to follow the code examples as written in the book you'll quickly discover they often do not work as written. Lines, keywords and statements are omitted in the text and these omissions usually break the examples. Some of these are trivial to fix but many fixes were only possible by comparing the code I was writing out of the book with the code in git repo they offer. And worth noting the code in the git repo frequently diverges from that in the book (mostly trivially but sometimes inexplicably so and without explanation). I seems to me that no one can have sat down and worked through the example in the book once the text was finished. To my mind this is inexcusable in this kind of technical text.In general I found the tone of the text assumes that you are always able to understand the examples, and maybe also the author might find it confusing that you don't immediately understand. This would be fine for a book pitched at an expert audience but not so useful for people with "some basic knowledge of javascript... [and] no prior experience with data visualization or D3" (to quote the intro). I suspect the authors would be better placed to write a text on best practices for functional d3.I bought the kindle edition and the text was also very, very poorly formatted with lines of code out of place and other line formatting errors.
Amazon Verified review Amazon

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About the authors

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Profile icon Aendrew Rininsland
Aendrew Rininsland
<p>Aendrew Rininsland is a developer and journalist who has spent much of the last half a decade building interactive content for newspapers such as The Financial Times, The Times, Sunday Times, The Economist, and The Guardian. During his 3 years at The Times and Sunday Times, he worked on all kinds of editorial projects, ranging from obituaries of figures such as Nelson Mandela to high-profile, data-driven investigations such as The Doping Scandal the largest leak of sporting blood test data in history. He is currently a senior developer with the interactive graphics team at the Financial Times.</p>
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Profile icon Teller
Teller
Swizec Teller is a geek with a hat. Founding his first startup at 21, he is now looking for the next big idea as a full-stack web generalist focusing on freelancing for early-stage startup companies. When he isn't coding, he's usually blogging, writing books, or giving talks at various non-conference events in Slovenia and nearby countries. He is still looking for a chance to speak at a big international conference. In November 2012, he started writing Why Programmers Work at Night, and set out on a quest to improve the lives of developers everywhere.
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