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Home > Data > Operational Intelligence > Splunk Developer's Guide, Second Edition
Splunk Developer's Guide, Second Edition
Splunk Developer's Guide, Second Edition

Splunk Developer's Guide, Second Edition: Learn the A to Z of building excellent Splunk applications with the latest techniques using this comprehensive guide , Second Edition

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Splunk Developer's Guide, Second Edition

Chapter 2. Creating Applications

In this chapter, we will begin covering how to build an actual application. There are many different ways to create an App, ranging from GUI creation to manual editing of configuration files. We will cover the structure of an application, what each folder should contain within the application, and why this is important. Another aspect that will be touched on will be the data that your application will consume. Setting up the data structures beforehand may save you time and energy later on if you have to refactor. It is crucial to get the data in correctly the first time, as any subsequent release of your app will need to make use of the data. We will cover various methods for data consumption, as well as the types of Splunk knowledge objects that can be included in your application. Restricting access to your application may be a priority, so we will also cover metadata and object permissions. Getting your application installed may require your...

A brief clarification

As we continue to progress through this book, we will create an App from the ground up. The App's name is SDG (from a filesystem perspective) and the App label will be Developer's Guide for Splunk. It will be available in its entirety on Splunkbase at https://splunkbase.splunk.com/app/2693/. Additionally, we will be using an API provided by meh.com, a daily deal site that was kind enough to build an API to their website. They were chosen primarily because they fit the geek culture pretty well, and provide a very simple-to-consume API. The data that will be consumed is pulled from their website's API using scripted inputs located in the bin folder of the sample SDG application.

Let's recall the questions from Chapter 1, Application Design Fundamentals, that revolve around App creation. We should answer some of them in preparation for building our demo App:

  • Identifying the use case:
    • We are building this App as a learning experience for the reader. By...

Methods of creating applications

There are two basic ways of creating applications. They are as follows, in order of difficulty (not that any of them are hard): Splunk Web (we will call this the GUI), and handwritten (henceforth to be recognized as FreeForm). In order to create Apps, you, the developer, must have specific permissions within the Splunk instance.

Tip

Pro tip

Set up a brand new instance of Splunk with a dev license to make sure that you have all the proper permissions to develop an App.

For the GUI method, the user must be an admin within Splunk; additionally, for the FreeForm method, the user must have server access to the command line with as many permissions as required by the user that runs Splunk.

GUI

We will start with the GUI method. This is the simplest of the methods, since access to this feature can be granted via an external authentication system (if authorization is configured within the Splunk instance), or with the built-in role-based access measures. The first step...

Basic application structure

Now that the App has been created, let's take a look at some of the folders that were created, what they may contain, and how they are used with the App. The folders we are going to look at come from the App that was created via Splunk Web.

appserver

The appserver folder contains configurations and other files that relate to some of the inner-workings of the App. In extremely advanced Apps, additional modules and MVC controllers (controllers provide the link between you and the system) are inserted into this folder. For the purpose of this book, we will focus on the static directory, which contains the JavaScript, CSS, and other assets required by the App.

bin

The bin folder contains binary assets, such as those used for modular inputs, scripted inputs, or custom commands. These are most likely Python files, shell scripts, or PowerShell scripts.

default

The default folder contains all the App publisher's configurations and views. When packaging Apps for publishing...

Application data

Now that we have created a new App, we can start working on how we need our data indexed. Typical Apps may contain configurations for their own indexes, source types, and other input methods.

Indexes

Indexes are very useful in a new App as they allow you to physically separate the data on the disk on the indexers. This helps speed up searches and optimizes macros and event types, since only a smaller subset of data will be searched within the App. The configurations of the indexes are in the indexes.conf file, in the default folder. For our App, let's add an index. The configuration looks like this in the indexes.conf file, located at $APP_HOME/default/indexes.conf:

[splunk_developers_guide]
coldPath = $SPLUNK_DB\splunk_developers_guide\colddb
homePath = $SPLUNK_DB\splunk_developers_guide\db
thawedPath = $SPLUNK_DB\splunk_developers_guide\thaweddb

That's it! Defining indexes is a quick way of optimizing your App's data. You can also create indexes using the GUI...

Available Splunk knowledge objects

There are many different Splunk knowledge objects (SKOs) that can be used within an App. The only required SKO for an App is the addition of views that can be displayed to the end user. We will briefly cover the different types of SKOs that you can include within your App. To avoid any issues with author interpretation of the definitions of these SKOs, we will use the definitions and references from the official Splunk documentation.

Macros

noun

A parameterized portion of a search such as an eval statement or a search term that can be reused in multiple places, including saved and ad hoc searches, and which is used in a manner similar to a search command. Search macros can contain arguments, but they are not required.

Note

This is taken from http://docs.splunk.com/Splexicon:Searchmacro.

Macros are configured through the Advanced Configuration section of the GUI, or via the macros.conf file located within the App. They are advantageous by allowing bits of SPL...

Object permissions

Object permissions are an integral part of securing Apps and their knowledge objects. After all, we don't want the user causing issues in an App you spent hours tweaking, do we? No, that's what I thought. This is where permissions come into play. Splunk permissions are role-based, meaning that a user needs a specific role (either assigned by Splunk or via external authentication and authorization systems) to read or write the knowledge object. Permissions are controlled within the default.meta and local.meta files in your metadata folder in the App, and, as per normal Splunk precedence, the local.meta file will override any setting with a matching stanza in the default.meta file.

The configuration structure within the corresponding file is as follows:

[<object_type>/<object_name>]
access = read : [ <comma-separated list of roles>], write : [ comma-separated list of roles>]

Note

This structure is taken from http://docs.splunk.com/Documentation...

Summary

In this chapter, we looked at a few different methods of creating Splunk Apps. There are two basic methods of creating Apps: via the Web and via the CLI. We looked at the structure of the App and what each folder may contain. We also covered what kinds of objects (in a non-exhaustive list) can be included in a Splunk App. We discussed permissions, and how to assign them in two different ways. We then went over how to set up a REST endpoint to control configuration, as well as a setup screen to allow the user to update credentials within the App.

Up next, we will discuss the different aspects of enhancing your App with event types, workflows, and some acceleration techniques.

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Page 1 of 8

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Key benefits

  • This is the most up-to-date book on Splunk 6.3 for developers
  • Get ahead of being just a Splunk user and start creating custom Splunk applications as per your needs
  • Your one-stop-solution to Splunk application development

Description

Splunk provides a platform that allows you to search data stored on a machine, analyze it, and visualize the analyzed data to make informed decisions. The adoption of Splunk in enterprises is huge, and it has a wide range of customers right from Adobe to Dominos. Using the Splunk platform as a user is one thing, but customizing this platform and creating applications specific to your needs takes more than basic knowledge of the platform. This book will dive into developing Splunk applications that cater to your needs of making sense of data and will let you visualize this data with the help of stunning dashboards. This book includes everything on developing a full-fledged Splunk application?right from designing to implementing to publishing. We will design the fundamentals to build a Splunk application and then move on to creating one. During the course of the book, we will cover application data, objects, permissions, and more. After this, we will show you how to enhance the application, including branding, workflows, and enriched data. Views, dashboards, and web frameworks are also covered. This book will showcase everything new in the latest version of Splunk?including the latest data models, alert actions, XML forms, various dashboard enhancements, and visualization options (with D3). Finally, we take a look at the latest Splunk cloud applications, advanced integrations, and development as per the latest release.

Who is this book for?

This book is for those who have some familiarity with Splunk and now want to learn how to develop an efficient Splunk application. Previous experience with Splunk, writing searches, and designing basic dashboards is expected.

What you will learn

  • Implement a Modular Input and a custom D3 data visualization
  • Create a directory structure and set view permissions
  • Create a search view and a dashboard view using advanced XML modules
  • Enhance your application using eventtypes, tags, and macros
  • Package a Splunk application using best practices
  • Publish a Splunk application to the Splunk community

Product Details

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Publication date : Jan 27, 2016
Length: 190 pages
Edition : 2nd
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781785883552
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Splunk
Category :
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Concepts :
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Publication date : Jan 27, 2016
Length: 190 pages
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Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781785883552
Vendor :
Splunk
Category :
Data
Concepts :
Operational Intelligence
Tools :
Splunk

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Table of Contents

9 Chapters
1. Application Design Fundamentals Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
1. Application Design Fundamentals
What is a Splunk application?
Designing the App
Installing Apps
Summary
2. Creating Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Creating Applications
A brief clarification
Methods of creating applications
Basic application structure
Application data
Available Splunk knowledge objects
Object permissions
Summary
3. Enhancing Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Enhancing Applications
Workflows
Custom alert actions
Enriched data
Branding your App
Acceleration
Summary
4. Basic Views and Dashboards Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Basic Views and Dashboards
Knowing your data
SimpleXML dashboard
Custom JavaScript, CSS, and Tokens
HTML dashboards
Summary
5. The Splunk Web Framework Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. The Splunk Web Framework
The HTML dashboard
SplunkJS Stack
Tokenization
Customizing Splunk dashboards using CSS
Customizing Splunk dashboards using JavaScript
Custom D3 visualization
External data and content
Summary
6. Advanced Integrations and Development Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Advanced Integrations and Development
Modular D3 visualization
Modular inputs
The App Key Value Store
Data models
Version control and package managers
Summary
7. Packaging Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Packaging Applications
Naming guidelines
Packaging the App
The App packaging checklist
Summary
8. Publishing Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Publishing Applications
Self-hosting your App
Splunkbase
Community
Summary
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index

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Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon 3.6
(5 Ratings)
5 star 60%
4 star 0%
3 star 0%
2 star 20%
1 star 20%
Jack Coates Apr 10, 2018
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Authoritative book based on years of building high quality apps and add-ons and helping users in the Splunk community. If you're going to build Splunk content that you intend to have other people use, you should read this.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Marco S. Feb 23, 2016
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I've been a reviewer for this book and it's been a pleasure to work with Kyle and to discover chapter after chapter how the author exposed the topics in a clear and effective way.This book is for all those people who still think that Splunk is just a geek toy: well, they will have to change their mind after reading this book! Following the labs and trying out the Reference Splunk App developed for this book, readers will find and experiment how Splunk is a complete and exhaustive platform to developer powerful data analytic application.This book is also a must read for Data Scientists that want to discover and experiment the full power and flexibility of Splunk as a developing platform, exploiting all his indexing and querying power, together with it's ability to organize and present information in an effective and immediate way.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
IAM Apr 07, 2018
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I don't know just where you are on your journey of learning how to become a competent developer of splunk add-on's and applications. As you're looking for sources of knowledge you might find yourself digging through the splunk docs, looking at other add-on's, trying the add-on builder and doing lots of trial and error. Eventually you will really want a clear and concise book just like this one. This isn't a book that has all of the in's and out's and history of Splunk. This is a book that will focus on your goal of learning how to develop splunk apps. Buy it, read it, grow!
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Vo Blinn May 12, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 2
While this is, likely, an exhaustive step-by-step guideon "how-to" write and install a SPLUNK app, it lacksaddressing the why's.Why would one spend time writing an app ?Chapter 1, enumerating add-ons, gives these reasons:"Applications allow us to quickly share configurations, ... " (p. 2)Regrettably, none of these reasons, especiallyinformation context related, were demonstrated.The book might benefit from an additional roundof proof-reading:"... naming source types to match your App is a good idea,This also allows you to break down the incoming data intospecific groupings" (p. 23).Unsure of how naming facilitates breaking data into groupings.Hopefully, these and other issues will be corrected in thebook's next edition.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Anonymous Mar 23, 2017
Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 1
Disappointed
Amazon Verified review Amazon

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About the authors

Left arrow icon
Profile icon Marco Scala
Marco Scala
Marco Scala has been working for more than 15 years in delivering solutions to Large Enterprise Customers, first in the APM and J2EE field, and since 2009 in the field of Operational Intelligence and Splunk. He has provided consultancy for big Splunk installations on major Customers, focusing on the best and more effective solution for each different Customer's need. Since 2012 he's also a Certified Splunk Trainer. In the last years his major focus is to get Splunk Customer to gain the maximum value from their IT data, and provide the Business a better view and insight. BigData is another major field of interest, and his next challenge is using Splunk to give Customers useful insights and a practical implementation and exploitation of BigData.
Read more
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Profile icon Smith
Smith
William Smith has been writing software since 1988, but he began his professional career in the environmental field with degrees in Environmental Science and Business Administration. While working in this field, William continued writing software as a hobbyist before returning to the University of Maryland for a degree in Computer Science. William currently works as an independent software engineer and author. He is the owner of Appsmiths LLC, a development and consulting firm concentrating on mobile application and game development using native tools as well as cross-platform tools, such as Xamarin and Monogame. William lives in rural West Virginia with his beautiful wife and four sons, where they enjoy hunting, fishing, and camping as a family.
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Packt eBooks are a complete electronic version of the print edition, available in PDF and ePub formats. Every piece of content down to the page numbering is the same. Because we save the costs of printing and shipping the book to you, we are able to offer eBooks at a lower cost than print editions.

When you have purchased an eBook, simply login to your account and click on the link in Your Download Area. We recommend you saving the file to your hard drive before opening it.

For optimal viewing of our eBooks, we recommend you download and install the free Adobe Reader version 9.