What is a quantum circuit?
Quantum circuits are needed to “program” or tell a quantum computer what to do. These programs are dramatically different from most code that we are familiar with, but we still use Python or other languages to assemble the circuit before giving it to the quantum computer to execute. The execution itself involves transpiling or converting the instructions into a simpler set of logical gate operations and then, finally, into laser or microwave signals that are sent to individual qubits.
In this section, we will cover the basics of qubit representation and matrix mathematics as a foundation for understanding quantum gates. Next, we will look at a basic set of quantum gates and how to put them in a quantum circuit. Then, we will look at multiple qubit circuits and how to do the equivalent matrix multiplication to get the same results as that produced from a quantum circuit.
Finally, we will create a special circuit inspired by the Google...
