Quantum programming
In the last decade, the development of QC has accelerated. A significant example is the development of tools to offer solutions using high-level coding languages (Chong et al., 2017; Ganguly et al., 2021). Quantum programming languages are the basis for translating concepts into instructions for quantum computers. Nature Reviews (Heim et al., 2020) states that quantum programming languages are used for the following purposes:
- Examining the QC fundamentals (qubits, superposition, entanglement), then testing and validating quantum algorithms and their implementations
- Managing existing physical quantum hardware
- Forecasting the costs of quantum program execution on probable hardware
Current quantum programming languages primarily aim to optimize quantum gate-based low-level circuits. Quantum circuits are constructed from quantum gates and used for universal quantum computers. A list of the main quantum gates is provided as follows:
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