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Home > Game Development > Mobile Game Development > Building your First Mobile Game using XNA 4.0
Building your First Mobile Game using XNA 4.0
Building your First Mobile Game using XNA 4.0

Building your First Mobile Game using XNA 4.0: A fast-paced, hands-on guide to building a 3D game for the Windows Phone 7 platform using XNA 4.0

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Building your First Mobile Game using XNA 4.0

Chapter 2. 2D Graphics

In the previous chapter, we installed the necessary tools and set up our environment. We can now start by actually drawing some graphics.

In this chapter we will cover:

  • The 2D coordinate system

  • The content pipeline

  • Loading and drawing sprites

  • Translation, rotation, and scale of 2D objects

  • Direction and movement

2D coordinate system

Before we start drawing, we need to have some knowledge about the 2D coordinate system. The 2D coordinate system uses two axes: x and y. The point of origin (being x = 0 and y = 0) is located at the top left corner. The x axis starts at 0 and increases to the right, and the y axis also starts at 0, but increases to the bottom. Note that the length of each axis is partly determined by the orientation.

Let's assume we have a device that supports an 800 X 480 resolution. In portrait, the x axis will be 480 pixels and the y axis 800. In landscape, x will be 800 pixels and y 480.

The orientation will change automatically depending on how you hold the device. By default, landscape left and landscape right are supported, as this does not affect our code. If we want to enable portrait as well, we can set the SupportedOrientations property of the graphics device manager.

graphics.SupportedOrientations = DisplayOrientation.Portrait |
                            DisplayOrientation...

Adding content

Create a new project and call it Chapter2Demo . XNA Game Studio created a class called Game1. Rename it to MainGame so it has a proper name.

When we take a look at our solution, we can see two projects. A game project called Chapter2Demo that contains all our code, and a content project called Chapter2DemoContent . This content project will hold all our assets, and compile them to an intermediate file format (xnb). This is often done in game development to make sure our games start faster. The resulting files are uncompressed, and thus larger, but can be read directly into memory without extra processing.

Tip

Note that we can have more than one content project in a solution. We might add one per platform, but this is beyond the scope of this book.

Navigate to the content project using Windows Explorer, and place our textures in there.

Tip

Downloading the example code

You can download the example code files for all Packt books you have purchased from your account at http://www.packtpub...

Drawing sprites

Everything is set up for us to begin. Let's start drawing some images. We'll draw a background, an enemy, and our hero.

Adding fields

At the top of our MainGame, we need to add a field for each of our objects. The type used here is Texture2D.

Texture2D _background, _enemy, _hero;

Loading textures

In the LoadContent method, we need to load our textures using the content manager.

// TODO: use this.Content to load your game content here
_background = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Game2D/Background");
_enemy = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Game2D/Enemy");
_hero = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Game2D/Hero");

The content manager has a generic method called Load. Generic meaning we can specify a type, in this case Texture2D. It has one argument, being the asset name. Note that you do not specify an extension, the asset name corresponds with the folder structure and then the name of the asset that you specified in the properties. This is because the content is compiled to .xnb format...

Refactoring our code

In the previous code, we've drawn three textures from our game class. We hardcoded the positions, something we shouldn't do. None of the textures were moving but if we want to add movement now, our game class would get cluttered, especially if we have many sprites. Therefore we will refactor our code and introduce some classes. We will create two classes: a GameObject2D class that is the base class for all 2D objects, and a GameSprite class, that will represent a sprite.

We will also create a RenderContext class. This class will hold our graphics device, sprite batch, and game time objects. We will use all these classes even more extensively when we begin building our own framework in Chapter 6, Building a Basic Framework.

Render context

Create a class called RenderContext. To create a new class, do the following:

  1. Right-click on your solution.

  2. Click on Add | New Item.

  3. Select the Code template on the left.

  4. Select Class and name it RenderContext.

  5. Click on OK.

This class will contain...

Adding movement to the hero

We have a nice static scene now, but it doesn't make much of a game. Let's add some movement to the hero and make him walk over the screen. When he reaches an edge, he will turn back automatically.

The Hero2D class

So we want to add movement to the player. It is best to encapsulate all that new behavior in a class. Let's call class the Hero2D. This class will be responsible for loading the texture, updating the position, and drawing the texture. Make sure the class inherits from GameObject2D class. We could make it inherit from the GameSprite class, but we won't do that. Instead we will add a field of type GameSprite. This is called composition .

In the context of composition, Herb Sutter has said the following:

Prefer composition to inheritance

The reasons why will become obvious when we implement the scene graph and when we make an animated sprite. For now, just go with it.

Fields

The class has three fields, a game sprite, a direction that determines if the player...

Adding animation to our hero

The following topics will guide us on adding animation to our hero.

Sprite sheets

As cool as a sliding hero might be, it would be nice to make him walk instead of slide. We can achieve this by using sprite sheets. A sprite sheet is an image that contains multiple versions of the character in a certain state (walking for example). We then render just a part of the sprite at a time. By switching the parts we render, we can make it appear as if the character is walking. In the following screenshot, you can see the sprite sheet that we will be using. It is 256 pixels wide and contains eight different frames. Each frame is 32 pixels wide by 39 pixels high. Note that it is also possible to have multiple rows in a single sprite sheet.

The GameAnimatedSprite class

The GameAnimatedSprite class is an extension of the GameSprite class. The extra functionality it will offer is drawing sprite animations, this means calculating which DrawRect to use (a parameter we use in our...

Summary

In this chapter, we've learned how to draw 2D images, move them around and use sprite animation. With this knowledge, we could go a lot further: we could make the enemy move and drop rocks (that fall because they are subject to "gravity" and "explode" on impact). We won't do that in this chapter as it uses the same knowledge as we've gained so far, but it is available in the resources that come with this book. If you want, you can take a look at it.

In the next chapter, we will leave the realm of 2D, and add an extra dimension. Let's start drawing 3D models!

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Page 1 of 8

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Key benefits

  • Building a 3D game for the Windows Phone 7 platform
  • Drawing 2D and 3D graphics on Windows Phone.
  • Using the rich capabilities of the Windows Phone platform.
  • Creating a custom framework step by step that will act as a base for building (future) games.
  • An engaging and hands on beginner's guide to Windows Phone 7 3D game development using XNA 4.0.

Description

With the dawn of the Windows Phone 7 platform, Microsoft has offered us an easy way to create 3D mobile games. In this book, we will build a 3D game for Windows Phone 7 together, taking full advantage of the graphics and touch capabilities, along with the sensors of the platform."Building your First Mobile Game using XNA 4.0" is the book for starting game development on the Windows Phone 7 platform. This book will go over the technical aspects of building games along with designing your own framework. Finally we'll build an actual game together from the ground up! This book will set future mobile game developers in the right direction.The XNA framework empowers us to build 2D and 3D games for PC, Xbox 360 and Windows Phone 7. We will use those capabilities to create stunning 3D games for the Windows Phone 7 platform. We will start by covering the basics like drawing graphics, followed by building a custom framework and end with building a game together!In this book, we will cover drawing 2D and 3D graphics, both static and animations. We will also cover the various ways of handling user input and help set the mood of our game playing both 2D and 3D sound, and accessing the user's media library. The only thing left before building a game is covering several techniques created for making our life easier while building the game, whilst building a framework to do just that. Finally, we'll build a 3D game together that will run on the Windows Phone 7 platform."Building your First Mobile Game using XNA 4.0" is the book you need to get started with mobile game development for Windows Phone 7. Its hands on approach will set you on your way in no time. Let's build some games!

Who is this book for?

This book will cover the building of a 3D game for Windows Phone using XNA. We won't explain the C# programming language itself, nor object-oriented programming. We will however explain the aspects of game development thoroughly, so don't worry if you have never written a 3D game. We will cover all the basics, included the much dreaded math. This is the right book for anyone, regardless of age and gender, if: You are interested in game development You want to start building games for Windows Phone You have some programming knowledge In this book, we will first go over the technical topics, and end up building a 3D game for Windows Phone 7 together!

What you will learn

  • Installing the Windows Phone SDK and the XNA framework
  • Drawing 2D and 3D graphics
  • Mixing 2D and 3D graphics
  • Drawing 2D and 3D animations
  • Playing 2D and 3D sound
  • Playing songs
  • Handling touch input and gestures (tap, swipe, zoom, ...)
  • Building a scene graph and level system
  • Handling collision
  • Creating menus
  • How to build a 3D game!

Product Details

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Publication date : Jan 25, 2013
Length: 158 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781849687751
Vendor :
Microsoft
Category :
Game Development
Languages :
C#
Concepts :
Mobile Game Development
Tools :
Microsoft XNA

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Publication date : Jan 25, 2013
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Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781849687751
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Category :
Game Development
Languages :
C#
Concepts :
Mobile Game Development
Tools :
Microsoft XNA

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Building your First Mobile Game using XNA 4.0
Building your First Mobile Game using XNA 4.0
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Microsoft XNA 4.0 Game Development Cookbook
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Table of Contents

8 Chapters
Getting Started Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Getting Started
Developing for Windows Phone
Getting started with your first application
The Game class
Summary
2D Graphics Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2D Graphics
2D coordinate system
Adding content
Drawing sprites
Refactoring our code
Adding movement to the hero
Adding animation to our hero
Summary
3D Graphics Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3D Graphics
3D coordinate system
Using matrices
Drawing models
Mixing 2D and 3D
Refactoring our code
Adding movement to the hero
Adding animation to our hero
Exercise: adding enemies
Summary
Input Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Input
Using keyboard
Using the accelerometer
Using touch
Gestures
Summary
Sound Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Sound
Before we start
Playing sound
Playing 3D sound
Playing a song
Summary
Building a Basic Framework Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building a Basic Framework
Scene graph
Scene manager
Collision
Menus
Summary
Building a Game Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building a Game
Game concept
Menu scene
Level Scene
Summary
Releasing our game Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Releasing our game
Testing
Creating a trial version
Application certification requirements
Application submission process
Summary

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About the authors

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Profile icon Thomas Goussaert
Thomas Goussaert
Thomas Goussaert graduated in Digital Arts And Entertainment (DAE), from Howest University. With a wide range of skills acquired by his studies, he explored the world of programming and game development. Thomas is always curious and eager to learn new things; always feeding his passion for programming. Now he's a lecturer at Howest University, where he teaches game development in one of the leading international game development study programs, Digital Arts and Entertainment (www.digitalartsandentertainment.com). It's nice to have a passion for programming, but it's even better to share it with the world! Thomas has also co-authored the video series XNA 3D Game Development By Example, Packt Publishing
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Profile icon Brecht Kets
Brecht Kets
Brecht Kets is a Senior Lecturer at Howest University in Belgium, where he teaches game development in one of the leading international game development study programs, Digital Arts and Entertainment (www.digitalartsandentertainment.com). He's been actively involved in game development for several years, and has been writing about XNA since the launch in December 2006. He hosts the website www.3dgameprogramming.net and has received the Microsoft Most Valuable Professional award in the category DirectX/XNA five times in a row for his contributions in the community. Brecht has also co-authored the video series XNA 3D Game Development By Example, Packt Publishing.
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