Creating conditional statements using if

As we have seen so far, it is possible to build simple conditions using command-line lists. These conditionals can be written both with and without a test. As the complexity of the tasks increases, it will be easier to create statements using if. This certainly will ease both the readability of the script and the logic layout. To a degree, it also matches the way in which we think and speak, if is a semantic in our spoken language as it is within the bash script.

Even though it will take up more than a single line in the script, with an if statement we can achieve more and make the script more legible. With that said, let's look at creating if conditions. The following is an example of a script using an if statement:

#!/bin/bash
# Welcome script to display a message to users
# Author: @theurbanpenguin
# Date: 1/1/1971
if [ $# -lt 1 ] ; then
echo "Usage: $0 <name>"
exit 1
fi
echo "Hello $1"
exit 0

The code within the if statement will run only when...