Conventions

In this book, you will find a number of text styles that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles and an explanation of their meaning.

Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: "We can also use the printf command in shell programming for printing."

A block of code is set as follows:

$ name=foo
$ foo="Welcome to foo world"
$ echo $name
foo
$ new_name='$'$name    #new_name just stores string value $foo
$ echo $new_name
$foo
$ eval new_name='$'$name  # eval processes $foo string into variable and  prints                 # foo variable value
Welcome to foo world

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

$ ps -p $$

Note

Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.

Tip

Tips and tricks appear like this.