Chapter 11

1. The three main categories of code smells are as follows:
   • Structural code smells: These are issues related to the structure of the code, such as excessive complexity, long methods, and large classes
   • Functional code smells: These relate to problems in how the code functions, including duplicated code, inappropriate comments, and magic numbers
   • Architectural code smells: These involve higher-level architectural issues, such as improper layering, tight coupling, and violation of SOLID principles
2. Different types of application-level code smells include the following:
   • Feature envy
   • Shotgun surgery
   • Parallel inheritance hierarchies
   • Blob
   • Swiss Army knife
3. Different types of class-level code smells include the following:
   • Large class
   • God class
   • Data class
   • Refused bequest
   • Divergent change
4. Different types of method-level code smells include the following:
   • Long method
   • Nested method calls
   • Too many parameters
   • Primitive obsession
   • Temporary field
5. Various refactoring techniques can be used...