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Mastering Kali Linux for Advanced Penetration Testing – Fourth Edition

You're reading from   Mastering Kali Linux for Advanced Penetration Testing – Fourth Edition Become a cybersecurity ethical hacking expert using Metasploit, Nmap, Wireshark, and Burp Suite

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Product type Paperback
Published in Feb 2022
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781801819770
Length 572 pages
Edition 4th Edition
Languages
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Author (1):
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Vijay Kumar Velu Vijay Kumar Velu
Author Profile Icon Vijay Kumar Velu
Vijay Kumar Velu
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Table of Contents (17) Chapters Close

Preface 1. Goal-Based Penetration Testing FREE CHAPTER 2. Open-Source Intelligence and Passive Reconnaissance 3. Active Reconnaissance of External and Internal Networks 4. Vulnerability Assessment 5. Advanced Social Engineering and Physical Security 6. Wireless and Bluetooth Attacks 7. Exploiting Web-Based Applications 8. Cloud Security Exploitation 9. Bypassing Security Controls 10. Exploitation 11. Action on the Objective and Lateral Movement 12. Privilege Escalations 13. Command and Control 14. Embedded Devices and RFID Hacking 15. Other Books You May Enjoy
16. Index

Firmware unpacking and updating

With a basic understanding of the bootloaders and different types of firmware, we will explore how to unpack some firmware and update it with our custom firmware on a Cisco Meraki MR18 wireless access point (an embedded device with Cisco firmware). Most of the time, during hardware penetration testing, the firmware images will not include all the files to construct a complete embedded system. Typically, we find the following in each embedded device:

  • Bootloader (1st/2nd stage)
  • Kernel
  • Filesystem images
  • User-land binaries
  • Resources and support files
  • Web server/web interface

Modern embedded devices prevent the installation of different operating systems using their own firmware, therefore to upgrade the device to a customizable operating system, we will utilize OpenWRT, which is open-source firmware for residential gateways, originally created for Linksys WRT54G wireless routers. It has grown into an embedded...

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