The internet was not only a revolution in communication; it also deeply transformed data science. It became much easier for scientists to share images and content by uploading them online, leading to the creation of public datasets for experimentation and benchmarking. Moreover, not only researchers but soon everyone, all over the world, started adding new content online, sharing images, videos, and more at an exponential rate. This started big data and the golden age of data science, with the internet as the new El Dorado.
By simply indexing the content that is constantly published online, image and video datasets reached sizes that were never imagined before, from Caltech-101 (10,000 images, published in 2003 by Li Fei-Fei et al., Elsevier) to ImageNet (14+ million images, published in 2009 by Jia Deng et al., IEEE) or Youtube-8M (8+ million videos, published in 2016 by Sami Abu-El-Haija et al., including Google). Even companies...
