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Spring Boot 2.0 Projects
Spring Boot 2.0 Projects

Spring Boot 2.0 Projects: Build production-grade reactive applications and microservices with Spring Boot

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Spring Boot 2.0 Projects

Building a Basic Web Application

This chapter will help readers get started developing web applications using Spring Boot 2.0. It will enable experts as well as beginners with Spring Boot web application development to understand the concepts behind a web application. It will explain these concepts by walking the reader through the process of developing a web application that enables the submitting of comments to a scrum retrospective meeting. This web application will use an embedded database for persistence, Spring Data JPA for a model, Spring Thymeleaf for a view, and Spring Web MVC for controllers.

The following topics will be covered in this chapter:

  • Using Spring Data JPA for persistence
  • Using Thymeleaf for view
  • Using Spring Web MVC with servlet 3.x for controller
  • Using Spring Security for authentication and authorization
  • Demonstrating Retro Board
...

Technical requirements

In order to implement a web application using Spring Boot, the following build tools need to be downloaded and installed:

The source code for this chapter can be found at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Spring-Boot-2.0-Projects-Fundamentals-of-Spring-Boot-2.0, under the Chapter02 directory.

Getting started

In this section, readers will get an overview of the web application being developed. The requirements, design, and implementation details will be discussed in brief.

Web application architecture

A web application is exposed to multiple concurrent users over a public or private network as opposed to a standalone application. Let's get started developing a basic web application that uses the well known Model-view-controller (MVC) pattern to build a three-tier application. The MVC pattern is known for its separation of concerns by decoupling presentation logic (what the user sees in a browser), routing and business logic (what the application needs to accomplish), and persistence (where the data is finally...

Using Spring Data JPA for persistence

In this section, readers will learn what JPA is, as well as how Spring Data JPA helps simplify the development of applications with database persistence.

Understanding the Java Persistence API (JPA)

JPA provides object/relation mapping capabilities to enable mapping between relational database tables and Java objects in order to ease persistence in Java applications. JPA consists of the following features:

  • A query language to enable querying from relational database tables in order to retrieve Java objects
  • A JPA Criteria API, which can be used to generate queries dynamically
  • A set of metadata defined with XML Java annotations in order to successfully map relational database table columns...

Using Spring Thymeleaf for the view

In this section, we will explain in detail what a template engine is, and how to use Spring Thymeleaf to implement the view presentation.

Understanding template engines

Standard Java Enterprise Edition (Java EE) applications used JSPs to generate presentation views for the end user. JSP is a mature technology that enables users to use embedded Java code as well as Java Server Tag Library (JSTL) elements, which will, in turn, execute Java code to generate a presentation view. All JSPs are eventually compiled as a servlet.

But mixing this Java code with presentation-specific code (HTML, CSS, and many more) is cumbersome and makes separation of concern difficult. Furthermore, presentation views...

Using Spring Web MVC with servlet 3.x for the controller

Controllers are the integration point between the model and view in the MVC paradigm. They act like glue that binds together everything while taking care of business logic execution and routing. The following Maven starter dependency needs to be added to enable Spring Web MVC:

<dependencies>
...
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

The preceding dependency will import servlet, Spring, and Tomcat dependencies to enable successfully writing servlet-based web applications using Spring.

Implementation of Controllers annotations

...

Using Spring Security for authentication and authorization

This web application has used Spring Security to authenticate users and to authorize them to submit comments. The Maven Spring Security starter needs to be specified as follows to enable Spring Security in the web application:

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

The following is the Spring Security configuration:

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

@Autowired
private UserService userDetailService;

@Override
public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
web.ignoring().antMatchers("/h2-console/**");
}

@Override
protected void...

Demonstrating the Retro Board

When everything is put together, build and run the Retro Board, which we will be able to access using the http://<host>:<port> URL.

There are several ways to run a Spring Boot application, some of which are:

  • Running the Spring Boot application main class using an IDE
  • Building a JAR or WAR file using the following Maven command and then running:
$ mvn clean install
$ java -jar target/<package-name>.[jar|war]
  • Running using the Spring Boot Maven plugin:
$ mvn clean spring-boot:run

After running, the Retro Board web application will launch the login screen as follows:

This login screen is the default login screen for form logins in Spring Security. A username/password combination created in SecurityConfig can be used to log in to the system. After successful login, the user will be routed to the comments page, which is as follows...

Summary

Congratulations on completing this chapter, where the skills and knowledge required to build a basic web application were discussed in detail. This chapter started off by explaining what a web application is and how a web application can benefit from MVC patterns in terms of both development and maintenance. It talked about the requirements of a web application being developed and used a UML use case diagram to explain the requirement visually.

This chapter also explained how to write the domain model of an application based on the requirements, how to write data repositories for it, how to test those for their correct functioning, and so on. It also discussed how to encapsulate business logic inside services and test them effectively to make sure everything works correctly.

Subsequently, the chapter talked about how to write presentation views to create and display comments...

Questions

Please answer the following questions to see whether you have successfully mastered this chapter:

  1. What is a web application?
  2. What is an MVC pattern?
  3. What is a relational database?
  4. What is JPA?
  5. How is the @Entity annotation used in JPA?
  6. What is a template engine?
  7. What is Spring Security used for?

Further reading

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Key benefits

  • Run production-grade-based applications using the Spring WebFlux framework
  • Learn to develop high-performance asynchronous applications with Spring Boot
  • Create robust microservice-based applications with Kotlin using Spring Boot

Description

Spring Boot is a lightweight framework that provides a set of tools to create production-grade applications and services. Spring Boot 2.0 Projects is a comprehensive project-based guide for those who are new to Spring, that will get you up to speed with building real-world projects. Complete with clear step-by-step instructions, these easy-to-follow tutorials demonstrate best practices and key insights into building efficient applications with Spring Boot. The book starts off by teaching you how to develop a web application using Spring Boot, followed by giving you an understanding of creating a Spring Boot-based simple blog management system that uses Elasticsearch as the data store. Next, you’ll build a RESTful web services application using Kotlin and the Spring WebFlux framework - a new framework that enables you to create reactive applications in a functional way. Toward the last few chapters, you will build a taxi-hailing API with reactive microservices using Spring Boot, in addition to developing a Twitter clone with the help of a Spring Boot backend. To build on your knowledge further, you’ll also learn how to construct an asynchronous email formatter. By the end of this book, you’ll have a firm foundation in Spring programming and understand how to build powerful, engaging applications in Java using the Spring Boot framework.

Who is this book for?

This book is for competent Spring developers who want to understand how to develop complex yet scalable applications with Spring Boot. You must have a good understanding of Java programming and familiarity with the basics of Spring.

What you will learn

  • Learn the fundamental features of Spring Boot 2.0
  • Customize Spring Boot 2.0 applications
  • Build a basic web application
  • Use Redis to build a taxi-hailing API
  • Create a simple blog management system and a Twitter clone
  • Develop a reactive RESTful web service with Kotlin using Spring Boot

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Publication date : Jul 30, 2018
Length: 336 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781789134223
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Product Details

Publication date : Jul 30, 2018
Length: 336 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781789134223
Category :
Languages :

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Table of Contents

11 Chapters
Introduction Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building a Basic Web Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building a Simple Blog Management System Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Introduction to Kotlin Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building a Reactive Movie Rating API Using Kotlin Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building an API with Reactive Microservices Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building a Twitter Clone with Spring Boot Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Introducing Spring Boot 2.0 Asynchronous Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building an Asynchronous Email Formatter Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Assessments Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

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