Device drivers in user space
Before you start writing a device driver, pause for a moment to consider whether it is really necessary. There are generic device drivers for many common types of devices that allow you to interact with hardware directly from user space, without having to write a line of kernel code. User space code is certainly easier to write and debug. It is also not covered by the GPL, although I don't feel that is a good reason in itself to do it this way.
These drivers fall into two broad categories: those that you control through files in sysfs, including GPIO and LEDs, and serial buses that expose a generic interface through a device node, such as I2C.
GPIO
General-Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) is the simplest form of digital interface since it gives you direct access to individual hardware pins, each of which can be in one of two states: either high or low. In most cases, you can configure the GPIO pin to be either an input or an output. You can even...
