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Learning Bootstrap
Learning Bootstrap

Learning Bootstrap: Unearth the potential of Bootstrap to create responsive web pages using modern techniques

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Learning Bootstrap

Chapter 2. Installing and Customizing Bootstrap

There are several ways to incorporate Bootstrap into your projects. You can customize Bootstrap depending on your requirement and how you intend to utilize it. At times, you need to make minor changes such as adding colors or changing the font size. For these customizations, you need to create your custom CSS and add it after the Bootstrap CSS file. However, there are situations where you may need to make deeper customizations such as using your own semantic CSS classes or elements. In such a scenario, including your own CSS, in addition to the Bootstrap CSS, may be cumbersome due to bloating because of huge file sizes and download time.

In this chapter, we will cover the following ways to use Bootstrap for your projects:

  • Including Bootstrap in your project
  • The Bootstrap Content Delivery Network (CDN)
  • Overriding with custom CSS
  • The Bootstrap customizer
  • Deep customization of Bootstrap
  • Compiling LESS files

Including Bootstrap in your HTML file

Download Bootstrap from the official website http://getbootstrap.com/ and include it in your HTML file with little or no customization.

Including Bootstrap in your HTML file

Click on the Download Bootstrap button and the file will be downloaded in the ZIP format. The ZIP files contain the Bootstrap CSS, JavaScript, and font files as shown in the following directory structure:

bootstrap
|____css
| |____bootstrap.css
| |____bootstrap.min.css
| |____bootstrap.css.map
| |____bootstrap-theme.css
| |____bootstrap-theme.min.css
| |____bootstrap-theme.css.map
|____fonts
| |____glyphiconshalflings-regular.eot
| |____glyphiconshalflings-regular.svg
| |____glyphiconshalflings-regular.ttf
| |____glyphiconshalflings-regular.woff
|____js
| |____bootstrap.js
| |____bootstrap.min.js

You need to extract the Bootstrap .zip file and copy the contents to your project folder. The next step is to include the CSS and JavaScript files in your HTML file.

Let's take a look at how the file structure should be if...

The Bootstrap CDN

In the previous code example, you can see that we have used CDN for the HTML5 shiv element and the respond.js file.

A CDN is a large distributed system of servers deployed in multiple data centers across the Internet. Using a CDN means that you save significant bandwidth as the files are not loaded from your server. You can leverage the benefit of a blazing-fast performance, as the files loaded from the CDN are loaded in parallel and not queued by the browser, as they are in a different domain. In addition, the CDN provides data centers closer to the users, meaning that, the server selected is typically based on the user's location and faster routes. Thus, files are loaded faster. In some cases, it abstracts the need to load the files. Plenty of websites use the Bootstrap CDN and if the website users have previously visited one of these websites, then the browser will use that same copy of the Bootstrap files abstracting the need to load Bootstrap again, thereby increasing...

Overriding with custom CSS

The easiest way to customize Bootstrap is to create your custom CSS file where you will put your own CSS code. The link to this customized CSS file needs to be added after the Bootstrap CSS in your HTML document for it to override the Bootstrap CSS declarations.

Look at the following code to understand it better:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>BootStrap with Packt</title>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- Latest Bootstrap CDN CSS -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to Packt</h1>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-sm" id="packt">PACKT LESSONS</button>
<!-- Latest compiled and minified JavaScript -->
<script src...

Using the Bootstrap customizer

In some cases, you might want to use a small subset of features included in Bootstrap. In such scenarios, you can use the Bootstrap customizer. Click on the Customize icon on the official Bootstrap website.

Using the Bootstrap customizer

Once you click on Customize, you will see the following screen:

Using the Bootstrap customizer

Uncheck the features you do not need for your projects. Then you can click on the Compile and Download button.

Using the Bootstrap customizer

On clicking the button, you will get a ZIP file with the same directory structure as the regular download but the file size will be lower depending on the features you chose for your projects. Thus, you can leverage the benefit of faster performance and quick website loading, as you are only loading the specific features instead of the complete bundle.

Tip

You need to remember the customization and go through the same procedure if you want to upgrade to the latest version in the future.

Deep customization of Bootstrap

Adding your own style sheet works when you are trying to do something quick or when the modifications are minimal. Customizing Bootstrap beyond small changes involves using the uncompiled Bootstrap source code. The Bootstrap CSS source code is written in LESS with variables and mixins to allow easy customization.

Note

LESS is an open source CSS preprocessor with cool features used to speed up your development time. LESS allows you to engage an efficient and modular style of working making it easier to maintain your CSS styling in your projects.

The advantages of using variables in LESS are profound. You can reuse the same code many times thereby following the write once, use anywhere paradigm. Variables can be globally declared, which allows you to specify certain values in a single place. This needs to be updated only once if changes are required.

LESS variables allow you to specify widely used values such as colors, font family, and sizes in a single file....

Including Bootstrap in your HTML file


Download Bootstrap from the official website http://getbootstrap.com/ and include it in your HTML file with little or no customization.

Click on the Download Bootstrap button and the file will be downloaded in the ZIP format. The ZIP files contain the Bootstrap CSS, JavaScript, and font files as shown in the following directory structure:

bootstrap
|____css
| |____bootstrap.css
| |____bootstrap.min.css
| |____bootstrap.css.map
| |____bootstrap-theme.css
| |____bootstrap-theme.min.css
| |____bootstrap-theme.css.map
|____fonts
| |____glyphiconshalflings-regular.eot
| |____glyphiconshalflings-regular.svg
| |____glyphiconshalflings-regular.ttf
| |____glyphiconshalflings-regular.woff
|____js
| |____bootstrap.js
| |____bootstrap.min.js

You need to extract the Bootstrap .zip file and copy the contents to your project folder. The next step is to include the CSS and JavaScript files in your HTML file.

Let's take a look at how the file structure should be if you use...

The Bootstrap CDN


In the previous code example, you can see that we have used CDN for the HTML5 shiv element and the respond.js file.

A CDN is a large distributed system of servers deployed in multiple data centers across the Internet. Using a CDN means that you save significant bandwidth as the files are not loaded from your server. You can leverage the benefit of a blazing-fast performance, as the files loaded from the CDN are loaded in parallel and not queued by the browser, as they are in a different domain. In addition, the CDN provides data centers closer to the users, meaning that, the server selected is typically based on the user's location and faster routes. Thus, files are loaded faster. In some cases, it abstracts the need to load the files. Plenty of websites use the Bootstrap CDN and if the website users have previously visited one of these websites, then the browser will use that same copy of the Bootstrap files abstracting the need to load Bootstrap again, thereby increasing...

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Description

If you want to learn to build enterprise-level websites efficiently with Bootstrap, this book is for you. You must have a basic and fundamental understanding of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript; however, there is no need to have prior Bootstrap experience.

What you will learn

  • Empower yourself with Bootstrap's mobilefirst paradigm for create elegant responsive sites
  • Customize Bootstrap to work for your individual needs right from installation
  • Integrate LESS and get familiar with Base CSS to make your web pages beautiful
  • Get handson with Bootstrap's grid system and custom components for building robust and responsive pages
  • Discover jQuery plugins for improving the user experience of your Bootstrap site
  • Explore and implement the wealth of resources available for building with Bootstrap through the Bootstrap technical hub
  • Put theory into practice by constructing an ecommerce site using modern web development techniques

Product Details

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Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Dec 23, 2014
Length: 204 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781782161851
Languages :
Tools :

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Product Details

Publication date : Dec 23, 2014
Length: 204 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781782161851
Languages :
Tools :

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Frequently bought together


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Table of Contents

9 Chapters
1. Getting Started with Bootstrap Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Installing and Customizing Bootstrap Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Using the Bootstrap Grid Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Using the Base CSS Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Adding Bootstrap Components Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Doing More with Components Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Enhancing User Experience with JavaScript Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Bootstrap Technical Hub – A One-stop Shop for Powerful Bootstrap Utilities Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon 3.4
(5 Ratings)
5 star 0%
4 star 40%
3 star 60%
2 star 0%
1 star 0%
John Aponte Mar 18, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
The Learning Bootstrap book provides a very gentle but complete introduction to one of the most used frameworks nowadays to make websites. I like the style of products made with Bootstrap. I wanted to know how to use this framework and this book helped me a lot. It is full of examples that shows the most important characteristics of Bootstrap as well as how to customize it to impose your personal touch. I really enjoyed reading this book
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Vinay Mar 27, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
A book which acts as an intermediate guide to learn the technology. The content and concepts in the book are very well defined.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
--- Feb 24, 2016
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
Libro utile solo per principianti, si limita a fare u elenco di funzionalità e commentare il codice (apro il div e chiudo il div) abbastanza inutile, non passa una vera conoscenza. Leggere il libro o leggere l'elenco dei componenti sul sito ufficiale di bootstrap è la stessa cosa. Per i professional lo sconsiglio.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Rulf Neigenfind Oct 31, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
Tout le contenu de ce livre est à trouver sur le web... ...facilement et gratuitement. Rien qui dépasse le basics.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
M. Mar 26, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
The writing quality of this book is below the standards of a typical web development tutorial and it really could have used a good editor. The authors may be fluent in the English language, but that doesn't mean they know how to write clearly. I can almost hear their spoken word accents. The unnecessarily wordy and verbose presentation casts doubt on their knowledge and the quality of the material. After reading the first few chapters I'm not sure if I'm willing to work hard enough to get through the rest of it.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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