Chapter 18, Patterns for Concurrency

1. Concurrency is the property of a program that allows multiple tasks to execute at the same time or partially overlapping in time. Usually, concurrency is achieved through the use of multiple threads.
2. C++11 has the basic support for writing concurrent programs: threads, mutexes, and condition variables. C++14 and C++17 added several convenience classes and utilities, but the next major addition to concurrency features of C++ is C++20: here, we have several new synchronization primitives as well as the introduction of the coroutines.
3. Synchronization patterns are the common solutions to the basic problems of accessing shared data. Usually, they provide ways to arrange exclusive access to the data that is modified by multiple threads or is accessed by some threads while being modified by others.
4. Execution patterns are the standard ways to arrange asynchronous execution of some computations using one or more threads. These patterns offer...