It is a common misconception that embedded systems are based on hardware that is much slower compared to regular desktop or server hardware. Although this is commonly the case, it is not always true.
Some particular applications may require lots of computation power of large amounts of memory. For example, autonomous driving requires both memory and CPU resources to handle the large amount of data that comes from various sensors using AI algorithms in real time. Another example is high-end storage systems that utilize large amounts of memory and resources for data caching, replication, and encryption.
In either case, the embedded system hardware is designed to minimize the cost of the overall system. The results for software engineers working with embedded systems is that resources are scarce. They are expected to utilize all of the available resources and take performance and memory optimizations very seriously.
