What this book covers
Chapter 1, Automotive Technology Trends, introduces the reader to automotive trends and describes how the automotive industry is changing to support new use cases for automotive IoT. This chapter gives the reader an overview of the technology trends enabling IoT and introduces relevant terminology and concepts.
Chapter 2, Introducing Automotive IoT Use Cases, introduces several automotive IoT use cases that significantly enhance vehicle functionality and driver safety through connected car services, ADAS, and personalized in-car experiences. Some of these use cases will be referenced throughout the book in the different chapters to allow the reader to follow the various topics on end-to-end automotive IoT application development.
Chapter 3, Vehicle Architecture and Framework, covers the evolution of vehicle architecture, spanning more than two decades, tracing its journey from distributed systems to integrated approaches. We’ll explore essential technologies and frameworks such as Hypervisor, AUTOSAR Classic, and Adaptive AUTOSAR, comparing their roles in modern vehicle design. Key topics include the scale of vehicle architectures and the standard frameworks supporting both vehicle architecture and the IoT landscape.
Chapter 4, Vehicle Diagnostics, introduces key diagnostic protocols in modern automotive systems: Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) and Diagnostic over Internet Protocol (DoIP), integrated with AUTOSAR. We explore UDS for versatile vehicle diagnostics and firmware updates across communication platforms and delve into DoIP for high-speed diagnostic communication over networks, crucial for predictive maintenance. We discuss the diagnostic communication flow and components for remote diagnostics in AUTOSAR-based systems, emphasizing advanced service management for enhanced flexibility and scalability. These protocols ensure efficient, reliable, and secure vehicle diagnostics in today’s connected automotive landscape.
Chapter 5, Next Wave of Vehicle Diagnostics, covers the evolving landscape of vehicle diagnostics to meet the demands of modern vehicles, including IoT applications. UDS has limitations in adapting to dynamic software-defined vehicles, prompting the need for a more flexible protocol. Enter Service-Oriented Vehicle Diagnostics (SOVD), the next generation of diagnostic protocols tailored for modern vehicles. This chapter provides insights into SOVD, including a demonstration and comparison with UDS. Key topics covered include the necessity beyond UDS, an in-depth look at SOVD, and a demonstration of its application.
Chapter 6, Exploring Secure Development Processes for Automotive IoT, explores how automotive IoT brings new cybersecurity threats and as such there is a need for cybersecurity and for establishing secure software development processes. This chapter discusses security processes and software development methodologies including ISO/SAE 21434, ASPICE for Cybersecurity, the NIST Cybersecurity Framework, ISO 27001, OWASP, and DevSecOps. Additionally, specific cybersecurity activities in the secure software development life cycle are presented.
Chapter 7, Establishing a Secure Software Development Platform, shows how to establish a secure software development platform to help develop secure software for automotive IoT. This chapter gives step-by-step practical guidance on how to establish such a platform and explains the benefits of using this platform approach. Furthermore, several different application security testing approaches are described, as well as how to handle vulnerability management and how to automate security testing.
Chapter 8, Securing the Software Supply Chain, discusses the risks in the software supply chain, due to the plethora of software for automotive IoT use cases provided through it, and presents several practical suggestions on how to address the risks. For example, topics on Cybersecurity Interface Agreement for Development (CIAD), vendor security assessments, open-source software, and Software Bill of Material (SBOM) will be covered.
Chapter 9, System Design of an Automotive IoT Application, details the end-to-end system design of remote vehicle diagnostics use case. It explores the critical balance of desirability, feasibility, and viability in system design, emphasizing a user-centric approach. It provides a comprehensive overview of system components, from telematics gateways to cloud platforms, detailing the technologies and design considerations involved.
Chapter 10, Developing an Automotive IoT Application, explores the software design and development process of automotive IoT applications. It covers cloud backend deployment models, service models, and IoT application architecture. The chapter details software components for both cloud and vehicle telematics gateways, emphasizing the importance of remote diagnostics and predictive maintenance. It also discusses the development process for cloud and embedded software, highlighting key differences and considerations.
Chapter 11, Deploying and Maintaining an Automotive IoT Application, delves into the deployment and maintenance of automotive IoT applications, emphasizing the DevSecOps life cycle. The chapter details activities, tools, and interactions throughout the process, highlighting how deployment pipelines are established and managed across all stages. It also covers security integration, coding, building, testing, releasing, deploying, operating, and monitoring, providing a comprehensive guide to ensuring rapid deployment and maintaining high-quality standards in automotive IoT applications.
Chapter 12, Processes and Practices, explores processes and practices in automotive IoT software development. It covers Automotive SPICE®, functional safety (ISO 26262), and other key processes such as DFMEA and 5 Why Root Cause Analysis. It emphasizes the importance of processes in achieving high-quality software and provides insights into their practical application. The chapter also discusses the challenges and benefits of adopting these processes, highlighting their role in ensuring safety, reliability, and continuous improvement in automotive software engineering.
Chapter 13, Embedded Automotive IoT Development, explores embedded development for automotive IoT applications. It covers essential electrical engineering concepts, device drivers, memory management, and key performance indicators (KPIs). The chapter also delves into automotive operating systems, hypervisors, and the software development ecosystem, emphasizing the importance of collaboration and supplier management in the automotive industry.
Chapter 14, Final Thoughts, offers the authors’ perspectives and insights based on their experiences. It then recaps the book to show you how everything is connected.
