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Natural Language Understanding with Python

You're reading from   Natural Language Understanding with Python Combine natural language technology, deep learning, and large language models to create human-like language comprehension in computer systems

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Product type Paperback
Published in Jun 2023
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781804613429
Length 326 pages
Edition 1st Edition
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Author (1):
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Deborah A. Dahl Deborah A. Dahl
Author Profile Icon Deborah A. Dahl
Deborah A. Dahl
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Table of Contents (21) Chapters Close

Preface 1. Part 1: Getting Started with Natural Language Understanding Technology
2. Chapter 1: Natural Language Understanding, Related Technologies, and Natural Language Applications FREE CHAPTER 3. Chapter 2: Identifying Practical Natural Language Understanding Problems 4. Part 2:Developing and Testing Natural Language Understanding Systems
5. Chapter 3: Approaches to Natural Language Understanding – Rule-Based Systems, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning 6. Chapter 4: Selecting Libraries and Tools for Natural Language Understanding 7. Chapter 5: Natural Language Data – Finding and Preparing Data 8. Chapter 6: Exploring and Visualizing Data 9. Chapter 7: Selecting Approaches and Representing Data 10. Chapter 8: Rule-Based Techniques 11. Chapter 9: Machine Learning Part 1 – Statistical Machine Learning 12. Chapter 10: Machine Learning Part 2 – Neural Networks and Deep Learning Techniques 13. Chapter 11: Machine Learning Part 3 – Transformers and Large Language Models 14. Chapter 12: Applying Unsupervised Learning Approaches 15. Chapter 13: How Well Does It Work? – Evaluation 16. Part 3: Systems in Action – Applying Natural Language Understanding at Scale
17. Chapter 14: What to Do If the System Isn’t Working 18. Chapter 15: Summary and Looking to the Future 19. Index 20. Other Books You May Enjoy

Rule-based approaches

The basic idea behind rule-based approaches is that language obeys rules about how words are related to their meanings. For example, when we learn foreign languages, we typically learn specific rules about what words mean, how they’re ordered in sentences, and how prefixes and suffixes change the meanings of words. The rule-based approach to NLU operates on the premise that these kinds of rules can be provided to an NLU system so that the system can determine the meanings of sentences in the same way that a person does.

The rule-based approach was widely used in NLU from the mid-1950s through the mid-1990s until machine-learning-based approaches became popular. However, there are still NLU problems where rule-based approaches are useful, either on their own or when combined with other techniques.

We will begin by reviewing the rules and data that are relevant to various aspects of language.

Words and lexicons

Nearly everyone is familiar with...

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