The difference between AI, machine learning, and deep learning

Let's start with definitions of AI, Machine Learning (ML), and deep learning in order to get a better understanding of each of these technologies. Figure 1.4 in Chapter 1, Introducing Digital Transformation, shows different fields of research that fall under AI and the approximate timeframe when they gained popularity.

Artificial intelligence

AI is the field of study and its applications that utilize computers to perform tasks that are generally accomplished with the help of human intelligence. These tasks can include perception using visual, audio, and tactile/haptic inputs, pattern recognition in motion/environmental sensor data, and decision-making.

Machine learning

ML is a subset of AI as a field of study. Algorithms used in ML are trained using large amounts of data tagged with associated and relevant real-world information. ML algorithms are being used in a variety of applications, such as automatic...