Quantum Machine Learning Algorithms and Their Ecosystem

In recent decades, many quantum computing scientists have leaned towards researching and generating quantum algorithms and their practical realization (Cerezo et al., 2021; Montanaro, 2016). As discussed in the previous chapter, quantum computers differ from classical computers mainly in the form of computation they employ. They can solve problems that are intractable for classical systems (Arute et al., 2019). In a quantum computer, instead of classical bits, qubits are the fundamental unit of information. The implementation of quantum algorithms is based fundamentally on the physical qualities of these qubits compared to classical bits. Still, the physical realization of quantum computers has not yet reached the level of maturity attained by their classical counterparts, where millions of transistors can be placed in a limited space without compromising their accuracy or functioning.

Noise and error control are crucial for...