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Android NDK Beginner`s Guide - Second Edition
Android NDK Beginner`s Guide - Second Edition

Android NDK Beginner`s Guide - Second Edition: Discover the native side of Android and inject the power of C/C++ in your applications

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S$41.98 S$59.99
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon 3.6 (8 Ratings)
eBook Apr 2015 494 pages 1st Edition
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eBook Apr 2015 494 pages 1st Edition
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Paperback
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Android NDK Beginner`s Guide - Second Edition

Chapter 2. Starting a Native Android Project

A man with the most powerful tools in hand is unarmed without the knowledge of their usage. Make, GCC, Ant, Bash, Eclipse…—any new Android programmer needs to deal with this technological ecosystem. Luckily, some of these names may already sound familiar. Indeed, Android is based on many open source components, laid together by the Android Development Kits and their specific tool-set: ADB, AAPT, AM, NDK-Build, NDK-GDB... Mastering them will give us the power to create, build, deploy and debug our own Android applications.

Before diving deeper into native code in the next chapter, let's discover these tools by starting a new concrete Android project that includes native C/C++ code. Despite Android Studio being the new official Android IDE, its lack of support for native code encourages us to focus mainly on Eclipse.

Therefore, in this chapter, we are going to:

  • Build an official sample application and deploy it on an...

Building NDK sample applications

The simplest way to get started with your new Android development environment is to compile and deploy some of the samples provided with the Android NDK. A possible (and polygonful!) choice is the San Angeles demo, created in 2004 by Jetro Lauha and later ported to OpenGL ES (more information at http://jet.ro/visuals/4k-intros/san-angeles-observation/).

Time for action – compiling and deploying San Angeles sample

Let's use Android SDK and NDK tools to build a working APK:

  1. Open a command-line prompt and go to the San Angeles sample directory inside the Android NDK. All further steps have to be performed from this directory.

    Generate San Angeles project files with the android command:

    cd $ANDROID_NDK/samples/san-angeles
    android update project -p ./
    Time for action – compiling and deploying San Angeles sample

    Tip

    You may get the following error upon executing this command:

    Error: The project either has no target set or the target is invalid.
    Please provide a --target to the 'android update' command.
    

    This means that you have not installed all the Android SDK platforms as specified in Chapter 1, Setting Up Your Environment. In which case, either install them using the Android manager tool or specify your own project target, for example, android update project --target 18 -p ./.

  2. Compile San Angeles native library with ndk-build:
    Time for action – compiling and deploying San Angeles sample
  3. Build and package San Angeles application in Debug mode:
    ant...

Creating your first native Android project

In the first part of the chapter, we saw how to use Android command-line tools. However, developing with Notepad or VI is not really attractive. Coding should be fun! And to make it so, we need our preferred IDE to perform boring or unpractical tasks. So now we will see how to create a native Android project using Eclipse.

Note

The resulting project is provided with this book under the name Store_Part1.

Time for action – creating a native Android project

Eclipse provides a wizard to help us set up our project:

  1. Launch Eclipse. In the main menu, go to File | New | Project….
  2. Then, in the opened New project wizard, go to Android | Android Application Project and click on Next.
  3. In the next screen, enter project properties as follows and click on Next again:
    Time for action – creating a native Android project
  4. Click on Next twice, leaving default options, to go to the Create activity wizard screen. Select Blank activity with Fragment and click on Next.
  5. Finally, in the Blank Activity screen, enter activity properties as follows:
    Time for action – creating a native Android project
  6. Click on Finish to validate. After a few seconds, the wizard disappears and the project Store is displayed in Eclipse.
  7. Add native C/C++ support to the project. Select the project Store in the Package Explorer view and from its right-click context menu, go to Android Tools | Add Native Support....
  8. In the opened Add Android Native Support popup, set the library name to com_packtpub_store_Store and click on Finish.
    Time for action – creating a native Android project
  9. The...

Interfacing Java with C/C++

Native C/C++ code has the ability to unleash the power of your application. To do so, Java code needs to invoke and run its native counterpart. In this part, we are going to interface Java and native C/C++ code together.

Note

The resulting project is provided with this book under the name Store_Part2.

Time for action – calling C code from Java

Let's create our first native method and call it from the Java side:

  1. Open src/com/packtpub/store/Store.java and declare one native method to query the Store. This method returns int with the number of entries in it. There is no need to define a method body:
    package com.packtpub.store;
    
    public class Store {
        static {
            System.loadLibrary("com_packtpub_store_Store");
        }
    
        public native int getCount();
    }
  2. Open src/com/packtpub/store/StoreActivity.java and initialize the store. Use its getCount() method value to initialize the application title:
    public class StoreActivity extends Activity {
        ...
        public static class PlaceholderFragment extends Fragment {
            private Store mStore = new Store();
         ...
            public PlaceholderFragment() {
            }
    
            @Override
            public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,
                                     ViewGroup container,
                               ...

Debugging native Android applications

Before diving deeper into JNI, there is one last important tool that any Android developer needs to know how to use: the Debugger. The official NDK one is the GNU Debugger also known as GDB.

Note

The resulting project is provided with this book under the name Store_Part3.

Building NDK sample applications


The simplest way to get started with your new Android development environment is to compile and deploy some of the samples provided with the Android NDK. A possible (and polygonful!) choice is the San Angeles demo, created in 2004 by Jetro Lauha and later ported to OpenGL ES (more information at http://jet.ro/visuals/4k-intros/san-angeles-observation/).

Time for action – compiling and deploying San Angeles sample


Let's use Android SDK and NDK tools to build a working APK:

  1. Open a command-line prompt and go to the San Angeles sample directory inside the Android NDK. All further steps have to be performed from this directory.

    Generate San Angeles project files with the android command:

    cd $ANDROID_NDK/samples/san-angeles
    android update project -p ./

    Tip

    You may get the following error upon executing this command:

    Error: The project either has no target set or the target is invalid.
    Please provide a --target to the 'android update' command.
    

    This means that you have not installed all the Android SDK platforms as specified in Chapter 1, Setting Up Your Environment. In which case, either install them using the Android manager tool or specify your own project target, for example, android update project --target 18 -p ./.

  2. Compile San Angeles native library with ndk-build:

  3. Build and package San Angeles application in Debug mode:

    ant debug
    
  4. Make sure your...

Creating your first native Android project


In the first part of the chapter, we saw how to use Android command-line tools. However, developing with Notepad or VI is not really attractive. Coding should be fun! And to make it so, we need our preferred IDE to perform boring or unpractical tasks. So now we will see how to create a native Android project using Eclipse.

Note

The resulting project is provided with this book under the name Store_Part1.

Time for action – creating a native Android project


Eclipse provides a wizard to help us set up our project:

  1. Launch Eclipse. In the main menu, go to File | New | Project….

  2. Then, in the opened New project wizard, go to Android | Android Application Project and click on Next.

  3. In the next screen, enter project properties as follows and click on Next again:

  4. Click on Next twice, leaving default options, to go to the Create activity wizard screen. Select Blank activity with Fragment and click on Next.

  5. Finally, in the Blank Activity screen, enter activity properties as follows:

  6. Click on Finish to validate. After a few seconds, the wizard disappears and the project Store is displayed in Eclipse.

  7. Add native C/C++ support to the project. Select the project Store in the Package Explorer view and from its right-click context menu, go to Android Tools | Add Native Support....

  8. In the opened Add Android Native Support popup, set the library name to com_packtpub_store_Store and click on Finish.

  9. The jni and obj directories...

Interfacing Java with C/C++


Native C/C++ code has the ability to unleash the power of your application. To do so, Java code needs to invoke and run its native counterpart. In this part, we are going to interface Java and native C/C++ code together.

Note

The resulting project is provided with this book under the name Store_Part2.

Time for action – calling C code from Java


Let's create our first native method and call it from the Java side:

  1. Open src/com/packtpub/store/Store.java and declare one native method to query the Store. This method returns int with the number of entries in it. There is no need to define a method body:

    package com.packtpub.store;
    
    public class Store {
        static {
            System.loadLibrary("com_packtpub_store_Store");
        }
    
        public native int getCount();
    }
  2. Open src/com/packtpub/store/StoreActivity.java and initialize the store. Use its getCount() method value to initialize the application title:

    public class StoreActivity extends Activity {
        ...
        public static class PlaceholderFragment extends Fragment {
            private Store mStore = new Store();
         ...
            public PlaceholderFragment() {
            }
    
            @Override
            public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,
                                     ViewGroup container,
                                     Bundle savedInstanceState...

Debugging native Android applications


Before diving deeper into JNI, there is one last important tool that any Android developer needs to know how to use: the Debugger. The official NDK one is the GNU Debugger also known as GDB.

Note

The resulting project is provided with this book under the name Store_Part3.

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Description

Are you an Android Java programmer who needs more performance? Are you a C/C++ developer who doesn’t want to bother with the complexity of Java and its out-of-control garbage collector? Do you want to create fast intensive multimedia applications or games? If you’ve answered yes to any of these questions then this book is for you. With some general knowledge of C/C++ development, you will be able to dive headfirst into native Android development.

What you will learn

  • Build your first Android native project from scratch
  • Communicate with Java through Java Native Interfaces
  • Learn the key design intricacies of creating a native OpenGL ES 2.0 graphics application
  • Initialize, play, and record sound and music with OpenSL ES
  • Handle input events and sensors to create different interaction types
  • Port an existing library on Android by compiling most common C++ frameworks on Android
  • Interface and optimize the existing code with RenderScript
  • Combine graphics, sound, input, sensors, and physics in your application

Product Details

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Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Apr 28, 2015
Length: 494 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781783989652
Vendor :
Google
Category :
Languages :

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Product feature icon Download this book in EPUB and PDF formats
Product feature icon Access this title in our online reader with advanced features
Product feature icon DRM FREE - Read whenever, wherever and however you want
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Product Details

Publication date : Apr 28, 2015
Length: 494 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781783989652
Vendor :
Google
Category :
Languages :

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Table of Contents

12 Chapters
1. Setting Up Your Environment Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Starting a Native Android Project Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Interfacing Java and C/C++ with JNI Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Calling Java Back from Native Code Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Writing a Fully Native Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Rendering Graphics with OpenGL ES Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Playing Sound with OpenSL ES Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Handling Input Devices and Sensors Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
9. Porting Existing Libraries to Android Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
10. Intensive Computing with RenderScript Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
11. Afterword Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Top Reviews
Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon 3.6
(8 Ratings)
5 star 25%
4 star 50%
3 star 0%
2 star 12.5%
1 star 12.5%
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iPaul Aug 20, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Good intro to the NDK usage with Android Studio.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Fabio Radin Jul 29, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I love this book! This is a great book to start with the Android NDK, even it it is targeted to someone that has some experience developing on Android and has some programming experience in C/C++. I really appreciated the chapters on setting it up for Linux, Mac and Windows and, over the top, inside Android Studio!I liked a lot that it provides information about integrating existing C++ code in Android, as OpenGL from C++, and integrating both Box2D, and the Irrlicht open source 3d game engine.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
jdc Oct 02, 2016
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
This book is a tricky one to review. I'm giving 4 stars because I think it's coverage of the NDK is fairly good but I'm personally not too interested in writing app completely in C++. I would have preferred the book to focus more on the interaction between Java and C++ since to get the most out of Android you really have to use Java
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Krunal Jhaveri Jul 13, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
This book is really useful. It is right from the scratch and covers a wide range of topics. Examples are lucid and easy to implement.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Robin T. Wernick May 25, 2016
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
This book on the Android NDK is the most comprehensive source of NDK examples in both C and C++ that I have seen in five years of searching. Had it included program development on the Android Studio instead of the obsolete and often unconfigurable Eclipse, I would have given it five stars.I'm very glad to have this book because it's clarity and organization helped to clarify some lingering issues concerning the details of using C(++) libraries and controlling sensors that were overlooked in most of the previous sources. Now, I have a source that tells me in detail how to control the UI and respond to attitude and touch events in the NDK. Reading sensors and files are also included.I highly recommend buying this book if you want to work with the NDK and potentially build C(++) libraries that can support both Android and iPhone mobile applications.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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