Introducing classical machine learning

Machine learning refers to the science and engineering of building intelligent machines that can perform different kinds of tasks without being explicitly programmed to do so. In other words, we can define machine learning as the study of algorithms and statistical models that are used to solve a particular problem without being programmed and that only rely on patterns and inferences from data. Since classical computers (operating on classical bits) are used to do machine learning, it is called classical machine learning.

With that definition of machine learning, you can see that the machine is not actually learning; rather, it searches for a mathematical relation in some input data that will result in an output called a prediction. Machine learning is a marketing term coined by Arthur Samuel from IBM in 1959 to attract potential industries and customers to use this technology. In essence, machine learning is nothing but a composition of mathematics...