Unix, Linux, and macOS are largely compliant with the POSIX standard. Portable Operating System Interface for Unix (POSIX) is an IEEE standard that helps all Unix and Unix-like operating systems, that is Linux and macOS, communicate with a single interface.
Interestingly, POSIX is also supported by POSIX-compliant tools--Cygwin, MinGW, and Windows subsystem for Linux--that provide a pseudo-Unix-like runtime and development environment on Windows platforms.
Note that pthread is a POSIX-compliant C library used in Unix, Linux, and macOS. Starting from C++11, C++ natively supports threads via the C++ thread support library and concurrent library. In this chapter, we will understand how to use pthreads, thread support, and concurrency library in an object-oriented fashion. Also, we will discuss the merits of using native C++ thread support...