Deep learning approaches

Deep learning networks are often described as neural networks that use multiple intermediate layers. Each layer will train on the outputs of a previous layer potentially identifying features and subfeatures of a dataset. The features refer to those aspects of the data that may be of interest. In Chapter 8, Deep Learning, we will examine these types of networks and how they can support several different data science tasks.

These networks often work with unstructured and unlabeled datasets, which is the vast majority of the data available today. A typical approach is to take the data, identify features, and then use these features and their corresponding layers to reconstruct the original dataset, thus validating the network. The Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM) is a good example of the application of this approach.

The deep learning network needs to ensure that the results are accurate and minimizes any error that can creep into the process. This is accomplished...