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Building RESTful Web Services with Java EE 8
Building RESTful Web Services with Java EE 8

Building RESTful Web Services with Java EE 8: Create modern RESTful web services with the Java EE 8 API

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Building RESTful Web Services with Java EE 8

Building Synchronous Web Services and Clients

In this chapter, we will go into the details of building synchronous microservices with Java EE 8. We will learn how to implement server-side REST APIs using basic JAX-RS annotations, implement sub-resource locators for nested REST APIs, and use HTTP status codes and exception mappers for exception handling. You will also learn how to implement the client side using JAX-RS client APIs, and finally, we will have a look at different test strategies for Java EE web services.

We'll cover the following sections in this chapter:

  • Implementing basic REST APIs with JAX-RS
  • Using sub-resources
  • Error handling in JAX-RS
  • Implementing web service clients with Java EE 8
  • Testing Java EE 8 web services

By the end of this chapter, we'll have implemented a small library microservice that offers a REST API for books, authors, and loans. We...

Implementing basic REST APIs with JAX-RS

In this section, we're going to take a look at how to implement a REST resource using basic JAX-RS annotations. I'll show you how you can inject and use CDI beans in your JAX-RS resource implementation and show you how to properly use HTTP methods to model CRUD semantics, and of course we'll be running the web service within a Docker container:

Conceptual view of this section

We'll implement a REST API to get a list of books so that we'll be able to create new books, get a book by ISBN, update books, and delete a book.

We will create a basic project skeleton and prepare a simple class, which is called BookResource, and we will use this to implement the CRUD REST API for our books. So first up, we need to annotate our class using the proper annotations. We will use the @Path annotation to specify the path for our...

Using sub-resources

In this section, we're going to take a look at how to implement simple sub-resource locator methods. We'll have a look at how you can obtain CDI sub-resource instances from the root resource, and we're going to have a look at how you can pass context information from the root to the sub-resources:

Conceptual view of this section

Books have authors, and they can be lent out. In this section, what we'll do is provide specific REST endpoints to obtain the author of a book and the loan details of the books. We have prepared the skeleton of the project, as shown in the following screenshot:

Let's start with the authors. In BookResource.java, add a resource locator method. A resource locator method is a simple method that is only annotated using the @Path annotation. In this case, we use @Path("/{isbn}/author"). The return type...

Error handling in JAX-RS

In this section, we're going to take a look at handling user and server-side errors in a RESTful way by using an appropriate HTTP status code, for example, HTTP status code 400 Bad Request for invalid and malformed requests, status 404 Not Found if something could not be found, and HTTP status code 500 Internal Server Error if something happens unexpectedly. We'll also see how to use WebApplicationException and its subclasses to model error handling, and finally we'll be implementing a custom ExceptionMappers to handle runtime exceptions and return custom error responses:

Conceptual view of this section

This is what we'll do conceptually in this section: we'll again extend our library microservice by several HTTP status codes , for example, HTTP 400 if you issue an invalid book update, 409 for creating an already existing book...

Implementing web service clients with Java EE 8

In this section, we're going to take a look at the JAX-RS client APIs and how to implement web service clients. I'm going to show you how you can set up and configure a JAX-RS client instance. We'll use WebTarget and its builder to specify request behavior, resolve URI template parameters, do invocation in response handling, and use GenericType implementations to get unmarshalled typed collections:

Conceptual view of this section

So far, we've implemented our small library service, which supports books, authors, and loans, via a REST API. We'll then implement a library client which is a standalone client to get a list of books, unknown books, to create books, to get books with the returned URI, and so forth.

Let's switch to our IDE. We will create a small class called LibraryServiceClient, which is...

Testing Java EE 8 web services

In this section, we're going to take a look at different test strategies for Java EE 8 web services. We'll talk about testing simple CDI components with plain unit tests and mocks, testing REST resources using the Jersey Test Framework, and we'll see how to do black box integration testing using the Test Containers framework.

So far, we've implemented our library service by offering a REST API for books, authors, and loans. We also implemented the library client. In this section, we'll talk about testing. You can see the test pyramid in the following diagram. At the bottom, there are unit tests. The middle layer is the service layer tests.

At the top level, you have UI layer tests. Unit testing in Java EE is really simple; you can use your standard test frameworks such as JUnit testing, and you may use Mojito or other mocking...

Summary

Let's summarize what we learned in this chapter. We had a look at basic JAX-RS annotations in order to implement a REST API with CRUD functionality. We used top resource locators to nicely model nested REST APIs. We used HTTP status codes and exception mappers for error handling. We implemented web service clients using the JAX-RS service client API. Finally, we had a look at testing Java EE 8-based web services using several approaches. I hope you enjoyed this chapter. In the next chapter, we will talk about content marshaling with JSON-B and JSON-P.

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Key benefits

  • Design modern and stylish web services with Java EE APIs
  • Secure your web services with JSON Web Tokens
  • Explore the advanced concepts of RESTful web services and the JAX-RS API

Description

Java Enterprise Edition is one of the leading application programming platforms for enterprise Java development. With Java EE 8 finally released and the first application servers now available, it is time to take a closer look at how to develop modern and lightweight web services with the latest API additions and improvements. Building RESTful Web Services with Java EE 8 is a comprehensive guide that will show you how to develop state-of-the-art RESTful web services with the latest Java EE 8 APIs. You will begin with an overview of Java EE 8 and the latest API additions and improvements. You will then delve into the details of implementing synchronous RESTful web services and clients with JAX-RS. Next up, you will learn about the specifics of data binding and content marshalling using the JSON-B 1.0 and JSON-P 1.1 APIs. This book also guides you in leveraging the power of asynchronous APIs on the server and client side, and you will learn to use server-sent events (SSEs) for push communication. The final section covers advanced web service topics such as validation, JWT security, and diagnosability. By the end of this book, you will have implemented several working web services and have a thorough understanding of the Java EE 8 APIs required for lightweight web service development.

Who is this book for?

If you're a Java developer who wants to learn how to implement web services using the latest Java EE 8 APIs, this book is for you. Though no prior knowledge of Java EE 8 is required, experience with a previous Java EE version will be beneficial.

What you will learn

  • Dive into the latest Java EE 8 APIs relevant for developing web services
  • Use the new JSON-B APIs for easy data binding
  • Understand how JSON-P API can be used for flexible processing
  • Implement synchronous and asynchronous JAX-RS clients
  • Use server-sent events to implement server-side code
  • Secure Java EE 8 web services with JSON Web Tokens
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Length: 116 pages
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Table of Contents

7 Chapters
Getting Started with Java EE 8 Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building Synchronous Web Services and Clients Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Content Marshalling with JSON-B and JSON-P Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building Asynchronous Web Services Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Using Server-Sent Events (SSEs) Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Advanced REST APIs Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 1.5
(2 Ratings)
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2 star 50%
1 star 50%
Hackbert Sep 09, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 2
Gemessen an dem, was man geliefert bekommt deutlich überteuert. Es handelt sich hierbei um ein sehr schmales Buch, das heißt mit sehr wenig Seiten, dessen Inhalt man auch aktueller mit Internetrecherchen in Erfahrung bringen kann.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Sherard H. Mar 03, 2020
Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 1
The book offers no material for setting up the dependent technologies such as docker, or Payara Server. The getting started jumps into showing you an already created maven project in an IDE. Fortunately, I have worked with Maven and eclipse before and was able to recognize what was going on. If you are looking for detailed explanations, then this isn't the book for you.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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