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15 Math Concepts Every Data Scientist Should Know

You're reading from   15 Math Concepts Every Data Scientist Should Know Understand and learn how to apply the math behind data science algorithms

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Product type Paperback
Published in Aug 2024
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781837634187
Length 510 pages
Edition 1st Edition
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Author (1):
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David Hoyle David Hoyle
Author Profile Icon David Hoyle
David Hoyle
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Table of Contents (21) Chapters Close

Preface 1. Part 1: Essential Concepts FREE CHAPTER
2. Chapter 1: Recap of Mathematical Notation and Terminology 3. Chapter 2: Random Variables and Probability Distributions 4. Chapter 3: Matrices and Linear Algebra 5. Chapter 4: Loss Functions and Optimization 6. Chapter 5: Probabilistic Modeling 7. Part 2: Intermediate Concepts
8. Chapter 6: Time Series and Forecasting 9. Chapter 7: Hypothesis Testing 10. Chapter 8: Model Complexity 11. Chapter 9: Function Decomposition 12. Chapter 10: Network Analysis 13. Part 3: Selected Advanced Concepts
14. Chapter 11: Dynamical Systems 15. Chapter 12: Kernel Methods 16. Chapter 13: Information Theory 17. Chapter 14: Non-Parametric Bayesian Methods 18. Chapter 15: Random Matrices 19. Index 20. Other Books You May Enjoy

Exercises

  1. We have a three-state second-order discrete Markov process whose states are labeled 1, 2, and 3. The transition probability matrix is given (in non-square form) in Table 11.1. The rows represent the two preceding “from” states of each transition type, while the columns represent the “to” state of each transition type. The transition probability matrix is in the same form illustrated in Figure 11.2.

    We want to generate a sequence of state values, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:m="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/math"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>X</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>i</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mo> </mml:mo><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mo>…</mml:mo><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:math>, of length <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:m="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/math"><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>200</mml:mn></mml:math>. Starting the sequence with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:m="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/math"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>X</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mo> </mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>X</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:math>, use the transition probability matrix to sample the remaining 198 state values in the sequence:

k=1

k=2

k=3

i=1, j=1

0.27

0.33

0.40

i=1, j=2

0.12

0.67

0...

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