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The PHP Workshop
The PHP Workshop

The PHP Workshop: Learn to build interactive applications and kickstart your career as a web developer

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Paperback Oct 2019 604 pages 1st Edition
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Profile Icon Busuioc Profile Icon Martinez Profile Icon Tonu Profile Icon McLeod Profile Icon McCollum Profile Icon Joshi Profile Icon Gray Profile Icon Carr +4 more Show less
Arrow right icon
€24.99
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4 (4 Ratings)
Paperback Oct 2019 604 pages 1st Edition
eBook
€13.98 €19.99
Paperback
€24.99
Subscription
Free Trial
Renews at €18.99p/m
eBook
€13.98 €19.99
Paperback
€24.99
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Renews at €18.99p/m

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The PHP Workshop

2. Types and Operators

Overview

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to use the different data types in PHP to store and work with data; create and use arrays; implement the concept of multidimensional arrays; work with operators to evaluate the values of operations; and perform type casting to convert variables from one type to another.

Introduction

In the last chapter, we covered how to work with PHP's templating engine to write information to web pages, how to work with the interactive shell on the command line, and what variables are and their importance.

This chapter will follow on and build on these concepts. We will start by going over PHP's data types, followed by an introduction to arrays, what they are, how to use them, and the different types of arrays that are possible. Along the way, functions built into PHP that enable our code to execute specific actions will also be covered.

What are Data Types?

Values assigned to variables in PHP will be of a set data type. The following are the eight primitive data types:

  • Strings – A simple text-based value
  • Integers – Hold a numeric value, which is a whole number
  • Floats – Hold a numeric value; can be a whole number or decimals
  • Booleans – Hold a single value equating to true or false (1 or 0 is the numeric value of true and false)
  • Arrays – Hold multiple values or other arrays within itself
  • Objects – Hold a more complex data structure
  • Resource – Holds a resource reference; for example, the reference of a function
  • NULL – This value actually means there is no value

Let's now learn about the different types in more detail.

Integers

Integers are whole numbers. Typical examples of working with integers are when specifying quantities in a shopping cart, or as an ID when working with databases (Chapter 7, Data Persistence...

Scalar Types

Scalar type declaration is either coercive (no need to be specified explicitly) or strict (type hinted strictly). By default, types are coercive.

Coercive means that PHP will coerce a number to an integer even if it's a string.

Take the following example. Here, we have a function called number that's been type hinted to only accept integers.

In this example, a string is being passed. When running PHP in coercive mode (this is on by default), this will work and print 1 to the screen:

<?php
function number(int $int)
{
    echo "the number is: $int";
}
number('1');

To facilitate strict mode, a single declare directive is placed at the top of the file containing the following:

declare(strict_types=1);

Now, run the example again in strict mode:

<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
function number(int $int)
{
    echo "the number is: $int";
}
number('1');

This...

Operators and Expressions

An operator in PHP is something that takes one or more values or expressions and applies an operation to give a result that is either a value or another expression.

PHP divides the operators into the following groups:

  • Arithmetic operators
  • String operators
  • Bitwise operators
  • Assignment operators
  • Comparison operators
  • Increment/decrement operators
  • Logical operators
  • Array operators
  • Conditional assignment operators

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform math operations, for example, addition, subtraction, division, and multiplication.

There is the + operator. This takes different numbers separated by a + operator and will add the values together:

<?php echo 24 + 2; ?>

This will give us 26 as the output.

There is the - operator. This takes different numbers separated by a operator and will subtract the values:

<?php echo 24 - 2; ?>

This will give us...

Summary

In this chapter, we learned about different PHP data types, including string, integer, float, and array. We also learned about different ways of declaring strings, including the heredoc and nowdoc syntaxes. We performed array operations in which we used indexed, associative, and multidimensional arrays and added and removed elements from arrays. We also performed type casting to change the types of variables.

In the next chapter, conditional logic will be covered. Conditionals introduce logic to your scripts and allow different actions to happen depending on different conditions; for instance, let's say you had a variable containing the word Pending and you want to show a statement only if the word is equal to Pending.

Understanding conditionals will unlock new ways of writing your code and allow further user interaction.

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Key benefits

  • Start building modern and testable PHP web applications
  • Master the basic syntax and fundamental features of PHP
  • Implement object-oriented programming to write modular, well-structured code

Description

Do you want to build your own websites, but have never really been confident enough to turn your ideas into real projects? If your web development skills are a bit rusty, or if you've simply never programmed before, The PHP Workshop will show you how to build dynamic websites using PHP with the help of engaging examples and challenging activities. This PHP tutorial starts with an introduction to PHP, getting you set up with a productive development environment. You will write, execute, and troubleshoot your first PHP script using a built-in templating engine and server. Next, you'll learn about variables and data types, and see how conditions and loops help control the flow of a PHP program. Progressing through the chapters, you'll use HTTP methods to turn your PHP scripts into web apps, persist data by connecting to an external database, handle application errors, and improve functionality by using third-party packages. By the end of this Workshop, you'll be well-versed in web application development, and have the knowledge and skills to creatively tackle your own ambitious projects with PHP.

Who is this book for?

This book on PHP for beginners will help you if you're just getting started with PHP. Although prior programming experience is not necessary, a basic understanding of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript will help you grasp the concepts covered more easily.

What you will learn

  • Set up a development environment and write your first PHP scripts
  • Use inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism and other OOP concepts
  • Use HTTP and understand the request-response cycle of an application
  • Perform file operations and interact with external databases
  • Deal with application errors and handle exceptions
  • Use third-party libraries and manage dependencies
  • Connect your application to web services to allow for data exchange
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Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Oct 31, 2019
Length: 604 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781838648916
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Product Details

Publication date : Oct 31, 2019
Length: 604 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781838648916
Category :
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Tools :

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Table of Contents

10 Chapters
1. Introducing PHP Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Types and Operators Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Control Statements Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Functions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Object-Oriented Programming Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Using HTTP Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Data Persistence Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Error Handling Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
9. Composer Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
10. Web Services Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
(4 Ratings)
5 star 50%
4 star 25%
3 star 0%
2 star 25%
1 star 0%
William Hall Dec 31, 2020
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
The PHP Workshop, by Packt publications, is a great source for anyone interested in learning PHP; as well as a valuable resource for established developers. The workbook walks you through all of the basics of coding with PHP, including HTML and CSS; with plenty of code examples to try out and help you learn quicker. Even if you've never used PHP before, this workbook makes it easy to understand.Data types, variables, booleans, arrays, for loops, nested for loops, switch statements, functions, expressions, Object Oriented Programming basics, APIs, error handling, working with databases, reading/writing files, ...etc.; basically anything you need to know about programming in PHP. By the end of the workbook, you will be familiar enough with PHP to create you very own web application.I thought the book was very well written, with easy to follow examples of coding real world problems, and I would highly recommend it to anyone; whether a beginner in coding with PHP, or a more advanced user. The book also has all the answer code for the chapter activities in the appendix, but be sure to try each of them yourself first.I own several other Packt publications; all of them are high quality, very informative, and well researched and put together. The PHP Workshop book is no exception. Make sure to add this book to your PHP resource shelf (virtual or physical).
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Nicola Jun 21, 2020
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Ottimo Libro , compreso di corso on-line con certificato fine corso, consiglio vivamente, ben fatto!!
Amazon Verified review Amazon
L Feb 15, 2021
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
Disclosure: I received this book in order to review it. What follows are my thoughts after reading the book itself.The PHP Workshop does a great job of introducing PHP from the ground up. You begin as you do most programming books, with the basics of the language. It then begins to delve into the more popular topics, like OOP, handling/sending HTTP requests, I/O interactions, Database interactions, Error Handling, and using Composer(package/dependency manager. The code examples are easy to spot and read, and don't distract from the surrounding text either.The main issues I have with the book are minor in scale: The pages seem to alternate between right centering and left centering which can be a little jarring. This is amplified by having certain code block sections run over into the next page(which is also something I was not thrilled about). Lastly, the choice to include images of the console and its output is not a bad one, but I felt it tended to distract me more than anything due to its stark contrast in color to the rest of the page.Other than that, if you have a foundation in programming, and want to pick up a good reference book on PHP, or you are starting your web development journey, this is a solid choice that can help you achieve your goals!
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Artgcen Jan 08, 2021
Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 2
Simple put. I don't recommend this book. It's confusing, to say the least. You can get a better understanding of PHP using online resources.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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