Conventions

In this book, you will find a number of styles of text that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles, and an explanation of their meaning.

Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: "Upon executing the show databases; command, the list of existing databases will be outputted to the screen"

A block of code is set as follows:

<?php
/**
* Array declaration before PHP 5.4
*
*/
$arr = array(1,2,3,4);
//Print an element to the screen
echo $arr[0];
/**
* Array declaration with PHP 5.4 or greater
*
*/
$arr2 = [1,2,3,4];
//Print an element to the screen
echo $arr2[0];
?>

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

phpunit --version

New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, in menus or dialog boxes for example, appear in the text like this: "Now that the database has been successfully changed, note that the database name reflects in between the brackets next to MariaDB, which denotes the current database."

Note

Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.

Tip

Tips and tricks appear like this.