Handling alerts and pop-ups

A pop-up is a browser window that opens randomly on surfing the Internet through the web browser. Web applications generate three different types of pop-ups, namely:

• JavaScript alert (pop-ups) (for example, advertisements)

• Browser pop-up (for example, a confirmation dialog box, an authentication prompt, and so on)

• Native OS pop-ups (for example, Windows pop-ups such as upload/download notfications)

JavaScript pop-ups are generally in the form of alerts and advertisements, especially for marketing purposes. Selenium WebDriver provides an API to handle the JavaScript pop-ups. The following is an example of an alert:

Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();

Some of the helpful snippets using JavaScript alert functions are as follows:

• The dismiss() function ignores or cancels the alert dialog box. The following is the syntax for this function:

  alert.dismiss();

  Let's see an example to wait for the alert dialog box, which is expected to appear, and then skip it to move forward...