Decomposing complex applications

So far in this chapter, we have mainly focused our analysis on the X-axis of the scale cube. We saw how it represents the easiest and most immediate way to distribute the load and scale an application, also improving its availability. In the following section, we are going to focus on the Y-axis of the scale cube, where applications are scaled by decomposing them by functionality and service. As we will learn, this technique allows us to scale not only the capacity of an application, but also, and most importantly, its complexity.

Monolithic architecture

The term monolithic might make us think of a system without modularity, where all the services of an application are interconnected and almost indistinguishable. However, this is not always the case. Often, monolithic systems have a highly modular architecture and a good level of decoupling between their internal components.

A perfect example is the...