Transferring style from one image to another 

Imagine being able to have one of the greatest painters in history, such as Vincent van Gogh or Pablo Picasso, recreate a photo of your liking using their own unique style. In a nutshell, this is what style transfer allows us to do. Quite simply, it's the process of generating a photo using the style of one with the content of another, as shown here:

In this section, we will describe, albeit at a high level, how this works and then move on to an alternative that allows us to perform a similar process in significantly less time.

Note

I encourage you to read the original paper, A Neural Algorithm of Artistic Style, by Leon A. Gatys, Alexander S. Ecker, and Matthias Bethge, for a more comprehensive overview. This paper is available at https://arxiv.org/abs/1508.06576.

At this stage, we have learned that neural networks learn by iteratively reducing a loss, calculated using some specified cost function that is to indicate how well the neural network...