PowerShell V5 introduced a new feature with DSC: partial configurations. A partial configuration, as the name suggests, is part of the configuration you wish to see applied to a given node.
Partial configurations allow you to share the configuration of a node between multiple teams. For example, you might want the central IT team to define the basic configuration of a node. Another team could be responsible for deploying a web application to that same node. With PowerShell 4, you would have needed to put all the configuration components into a single configuration document/MOF file and deploy that to the node.
To support partial configurations, you must configure each node's LCM to define the partial configurations, and how they are to be deployed. Each partial configuration can be either pushed or pulled. Thus, you can deploy partial configurations...