Search icon CANCEL
Subscription
0
Cart icon
Your Cart (0 item)
Close icon
You have no products in your basket yet
Arrow left icon
Explore Products
Best Sellers
New Releases
Books
Videos
Audiobooks
Learning Hub
Free Learning
Arrow right icon
Arrow up icon
GO TO TOP
Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow

You're reading from   Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow Teach language to machines using Python's deep learning library

Arrow left icon
Product type Paperback
Published in May 2018
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781788478311
Length 472 pages
Edition 1st Edition
Languages
Arrow right icon
Authors (2):
Arrow left icon
Thushan Ganegedara Thushan Ganegedara
Author Profile Icon Thushan Ganegedara
Thushan Ganegedara
Motaz Saad Motaz Saad
Author Profile Icon Motaz Saad
Motaz Saad
Arrow right icon
View More author details
Toc

Table of Contents (14) Chapters Close

Preface 1. Introduction to Natural Language Processing 2. Understanding TensorFlow FREE CHAPTER 3. Word2vec – Learning Word Embeddings 4. Advanced Word2vec 5. Sentence Classification with Convolutional Neural Networks 6. Recurrent Neural Networks 7. Long Short-Term Memory Networks 8. Applications of LSTM – Generating Text 9. Applications of LSTM – Image Caption Generation 10. Sequence-to-Sequence Learning – Neural Machine Translation 11. Current Trends and the Future of Natural Language Processing A. Mathematical Foundations and Advanced TensorFlow Index

Extensions to the word embeddings algorithms

The original paper by Mikolov and others, published in 2013, discusses several extensions that can improve the performance of the word embedding learning algorithms even further. Though they are initially introduced to be used for skip-gram, they are extendable to CBOW as well. Also, as we already saw that CBOW outperforms the skip-gram algorithm in our example, we will use CBOW for understanding all the extensions.

Using the unigram distribution for negative sampling

It has been found that the performance results of negative sampling are better when performed by sampling from certain distributions rather than from the uniform distribution. One such distribution is the unigram distribution. The unigram probability of a word wi is given by the following equation:

Using the unigram distribution for negative sampling

Here, count(wi) is the number of times wi appears in the document. When the unigram distribution is distorted as Using the unigram distribution for negative sampling for some constant Z, it has shown to provide better performance than the...

lock icon The rest of the chapter is locked
Register for a free Packt account to unlock a world of extra content!
A free Packt account unlocks extra newsletters, articles, discounted offers, and much more. Start advancing your knowledge today.
Unlock this book and the full library FREE for 7 days
Get unlimited access to 7000+ expert-authored eBooks and videos courses covering every tech area you can think of
Renews at $19.99/month. Cancel anytime
Banner background image