Chapter 8: Understanding Deep Learning

Throughout this book, we have examined the many tools and methods within the fields of supervised and unsupervised machine learning. Within the field of unsupervised learning, we explored clustering and dimensionality reduction, while within the field of supervised learning, we explored classification and regression. Within all of these fields, we explored many of the most popular algorithms for developing powerful predictive models for our datasets. However, as we have seen with some of the data we have worked with, there are numerous limitations when it comes to these models' performance that cannot be overcome by additional tuning and hyperparameter optimization. In cases such as these, data scientists often turn to the field of deep learning.

If you recall our overarching diagram of the artificial intelligence space that we saw in Chapter 5, Introduction to Machine Learning, we noted that the overall space is known as Artificial Intelligence...