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Learning OpenStack Networking
Learning OpenStack Networking

Learning OpenStack Networking: Build a solid foundation in virtual networking technologies for OpenStack-based clouds , Third Edition

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Profile Icon James Denton
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Learning OpenStack Networking

Installing OpenStack

Manually installing, configuring, and maintaining OpenStack clouds can be an arduous task. Many vendors provide downloadable cloud software based on OpenStack that provides deployment and management strategies using Chef, Puppet, Ansible, and other tools.

This chapter will take you step by step through a package-based installation of the following OpenStack components on the Ubuntu 16.04 LTS operating system:

  • OpenStack Identity (Keystone)
  • OpenStack Image Service (Glance)
  • OpenStack Compute (Nova)
  • OpenStack Dashboard (Horizon)
The installation process documented within this chapter is based on the OpenStack Installation Guide found at http://docs.openstack.org/. If you wish to install OpenStack on a different operating system, the guides available at that site provide instructions for doing so.

If you'd rather download and install a third-party cloud...

System requirements

OpenStack components are intended to run on standard hardware, ranging from desktop machines to enterprise-grade servers. For optimal performance, the processors of the compute nodes need to support virtualization technologies such as Intel's VT-x or AMD's AMD-V.

This book assumes OpenStack will be installed on servers that meet the following minimum requirements:

Server

Hardware requirements

All

Processor: 64-bit x86

CPU count: 2-4

Memory: 4+ GB RAM

Disk space: 32+ GB

Network: 3x 1-Gbps network interface cards

While machines that fail to meet these minimum requirements are capable of installation based on the documentation included in this book, these minimums have been set to ensure a successful experience. Additional memory and storage is highly recommended when creating multiple virtual machine instances for demonstration purposes...

Initial network configuration

To understand how networking should initially be configured on each host, please refer to the following diagram:

Figure 2.1

In figure 2.1, three interfaces are cabled to each host. The eth0 interface will serve as the management interface for OpenStack services and API access while eth1 will be used for overlay network traffic between hosts. On the controller node, eth2 will be used for external network traffic to instances through Neutron routers. If VLAN tenant networks are used in lieu of overlay networks, then eth2 will be configured on the compute nodes to support those networks.

At a minimum, the management interface should be configured with an IP address that has outbound access to the internet. Internet access is required to download OpenStack packages from the Ubuntu package repository. Inbound access to the management address of the servers...

Initial steps

Before we can install OpenStack, some work must be done to prepare each system for a successful installation.

Permissions

OpenStack services can be installed either as a root user or as a user with sudo permissions. The latter may require the user to be added to the sudoers file on each host. For tips on configuring sudoers, please visit the following URL: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo.

For this installation, all commands should be run as the root user unless specified otherwise.

Configuring the OpenStack repository

When installing versions of...

Installing OpenStack

The steps in this section document the installation of OpenStack services including Keystone, Glance, Nova, and Horizon on a single controller and three compute nodes. Neutron, the OpenStack Networking service, will be installed in the next chapter.

Prepare for the configuration of various services by installing the OpenStack command-line client, python-openstackclient, on the controller node with the following command:

 # apt install python-openstackclient

Installing and configuring the MySQL database server

On the controller node, use apt to install the MySQL database service and related Python packages:

 # apt install mariadb-server python-pymysql

If prompted, set the password to openstack.

Insecure...

Summary

At this point in the installation, the OpenStack Identity, Image, Dashboard, and Compute services have been successfully deployed across the nodes of the cloud. The environment is not ready to host instances just yet, as OpenStack Networking services have not been installed or configured. If issues arise during the installation of services described in this chapter, be sure to check the log messages found in /var/log/nova/, /var/log/glance/, /var/log/apache2/, and /var/log/keystone/ for assistance in troubleshooting. For additional information regarding the installation process, feel free to check out the documentation available the OpenStack website at the following URL: http://docs.openstack.org.

In the next chapter, we will begin the installation of Neutron networking services and discover additional information about the internal architecture of OpenStack Networking...

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Key benefits

  • Learn the difference between Open vSwitch and Linux bridge switching technologies
  • Connect virtual machine instances to virtual networks, subnets, and ports
  • Implement virtual load balancers, firewalls, and routers in your network

Description

OpenStack Networking is a pluggable, scalable, and API-driven system to manage physical and virtual networking resources in an OpenStack-based cloud. Like other core OpenStack components, OpenStack Networking can be used by administrators and users to increase the value and maximize the use of existing datacenter resources. This third edition of Learning OpenStack Networking walks you through the installation of OpenStack and provides you with a foundation that can be used to build a scalable and production-ready OpenStack cloud. In the initial chapters, you will review the physical network requirements and architectures necessary for an OpenStack environment that provide core cloud functionality. Then, you’ll move through the installation of the new release of OpenStack using packages from the Ubuntu repository. An overview of Neutron networking foundational concepts, including networks, subnets, and ports will segue into advanced topics such as security groups, distributed virtual routers, virtual load balancers, and VLAN tagging within instances. By the end of this book, you will have built a network infrastructure for your cloud using OpenStack Neutron.

Who is this book for?

If you are an OpenStack-based cloud operator and administrator who is new to Neutron networking and wants to build your very own OpenStack cloud, then this book is for you.Prior networking experience and a physical server and network infrastructure is recommended to follow along with concepts demonstrated in the book.

What you will learn

  • Get familiar with Neutron constructs, including agents and plugins
  • Build foundational Neutron resources to provide connectivity to instances
  • Work with legacy Neutron routers and troubleshoot traffic through them
  • Explore high-availability routing capabilities utilizing Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)
  • Create and manage load balancers and associated components
  • Manage security groups as a method of securing traffic to and from instances
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Table of Contents

15 Chapters
Introduction to OpenStack Networking Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Installing OpenStack Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Installing Neutron Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Virtual Network Infrastructure Using Linux Bridges Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building a Virtual Switching Infrastructure Using Open vSwitch Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building Networks with Neutron Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Attaching Instances to Networks Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Managing Security Groups Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Role-Based Access Control Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Creating Standalone Routers with Neutron Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Router Redundancy Using VRRP Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Distributed Virtual Routers Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Load Balancing Traffic to Instances Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Advanced Networking Topics Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

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