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Hands-On RTOS with Microcontrollers
Hands-On RTOS with Microcontrollers

Hands-On RTOS with Microcontrollers: Building real-time embedded systems using FreeRTOS, STM32 MCUs, and SEGGER debug tools

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Hands-On RTOS with Microcontrollers

Section 1: Introduction and RTOS Concepts

What is a real-time system and what are the major components that make up a real-time operating system (RTOS)? These are the questions we'll be answering in the first section of this book. This prerequisite knowledge will serve as a foundation we'll build upon with working examples and hands-on exercises in later chapters. If you're already familiar with another RTOS, you can probably skim or skip this section.

This section comprises the following chapters:

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Key benefits

  • Get up and running with the fundamentals of RTOS and apply them on STM32
  • Enhance your programming skills to design and build real-world embedded systems
  • Get to grips with advanced techniques for implementing embedded systems

Description

A real-time operating system (RTOS) is used to develop systems that respond to events within strict timelines. Real-time embedded systems have applications in various industries, from automotive and aerospace through to laboratory test equipment and consumer electronics. These systems provide consistent and reliable timing and are designed to run without intervention for years. This microcontrollers book starts by introducing you to the concept of RTOS and compares some other alternative methods for achieving real-time performance. Once you've understood the fundamentals, such as tasks, queues, mutexes, and semaphores, you'll learn what to look for when selecting a microcontroller and development environment. By working through examples that use an STM32F7 Nucleo board, the STM32CubeIDE, and SEGGER debug tools, including SEGGER J-Link, Ozone, and SystemView, you'll gain an understanding of preemptive scheduling policies and task communication. The book will then help you develop highly efficient low-level drivers and analyze their real-time performance and CPU utilization. Finally, you'll cover tips for troubleshooting and be able to take your new-found skills to the next level. By the end of this book, you'll have built on your embedded system skills and will be able to create real-time systems using microcontrollers and FreeRTOS.

Who is this book for?

This book is for embedded engineers, students, or anyone interested in learning the complete RTOS feature set with embedded devices. A basic understanding of the C programming language and embedded systems or microcontrollers will be helpful.

What you will learn

  • Understand when to use an RTOS for a project
  • Explore RTOS concepts such as tasks, mutexes, semaphores, and queues
  • Discover different microcontroller units (MCUs) and choose the best one for your project
  • Evaluate and select the best IDE and middleware stack for your project
  • Use professional-grade tools for analyzing and debugging your application
  • Get FreeRTOS-based applications up and running on an STM32 board

Product Details

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Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : May 15, 2020
Length: 496 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781838826734

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Product Details

Publication date : May 15, 2020
Length: 496 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781838826734

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Table of Contents

23 Chapters
Section 1: Introduction and RTOS Concepts Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Introducing Real-Time Systems Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Understanding RTOS Tasks Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Task Signaling and Communication Mechanisms Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Section 2: Toolchain Setup Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Selecting the Right MCU Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Selecting an IDE Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Debugging Tools for Real-Time Systems Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Section 3: RTOS Application Examples Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
The FreeRTOS Scheduler Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Protecting Data and Synchronizing Tasks Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Intertask Communication Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Section 4: Advanced RTOS Techniques Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Drivers and ISRs Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Sharing Hardware Peripherals across Tasks Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Tips for Creating a Well-Abstracted Architecture Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Creating Loose Coupling with Queues Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Choosing an RTOS API Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
FreeRTOS Memory Management Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Multi-Processor and Multi-Core Systems Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Troubleshooting Tips and Next Steps Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Assessments Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

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(19 Ratings)
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4 star 36.8%
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Steve Sep 20, 2020
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Full disclosure: I was given a free copy of this book for evaluation.This is an outstanding book. It lives up to its name, extremely hands-on and practical, taking you from knowing nothing about RTOS's (Real-Time Operating Systems) up to building real multithreaded embedded system applications running on real hardware.It uses the ST Micro STM32 Nucleo-F767ZI development board (under $35 USD with shipping) to run all its examples, written in C and built with free downloadable tools that run on Windows, Mac, or Linux. Full source code for all examples is downloadable.It isn't just for FreeRTOS. Every RTOS is a little different, each making slightly different design decisions, but fundamentally they all share the same concepts. This book provides a very practical fundamental grounding in the concepts, methods, and considerations for using a variety of RTOS's in a wide variety of applications, such as ThreadX, QNX, Micrium uC/OS, VxWorks, RTEMS, Keil RTX, embedded Linux, Zephyr, and others, as well as the CMSIS-RTOS and POSIX API's.Amos does an excellent job of presenting concepts and background information, explaining the pros and cons of various options, and then showing how to use them. The pattern he uses is to start with polling in a bare-metal single-threaded application, progressing to ISR's (Interrupt Service Routines), DMA (Direct Memory Access), and then full RTOS multi-tasking.He explains when each form is recommended or not recommended, costs, and benefits. He discusses the various tradeoffs to be made, which is a critical part of engineering. As he repeatedly points out, there is no one-size-fits-all solution for every situation.The book is organized into four sections:1. Introduction and RTOS Concepts2. Toolchain Setup3. RTOS Application Examples4. Advanced RTOS TechniquesSection 1 defines "real-time" and "RTOS", distinguishing between hard, firm, and soft real-time systems. It compares RTOS tasks with bare-metal superloops and parallelism with ISR's and DMA, then covers concurrency concepts like queues, semaphores, and mutexes.Section 2 covers MCU, development board, toolchain, and debugger selection. That includes how to navigate data sheets and vendor websites, which can be overwhelming when you first start digging into them. Amos explains why he selected the STM32 Nucleo-F767ZI development board, the STM32CubeIDE, and the Segger J-Link, Ozone, and SystemView debug and monitoring tools for the book. This is extremely valuable, because you may find yourself responsible for making such technical decisions some day.Section 3 goes through several example applications that illustrate setting up and controlling multiple tasks, and managing the interaction between them. Amos uses simple GPIO LED and UART control to make activity visible, but these can be expanded to any resources that need to be shared and coordinated among tasks. He uses the debug tools to monitor and explain the behavior. This is also extremely valuable, because getting information out of a system and interpreting it is a critical part of evaluating and improving it.Section 4 covers several advanced topics. These include drivers and ISR's, more resource sharing methods (using the USB port as the example peripheral), creating a well-abstracted architecture, loose coupling between tasks, using the CMSIS-RTOS and POSIX API's, memory management, multi-processor and multi-core systems, and troubleshooting tips.Along the way, Amos discusses various pitfalls, like poor design abstraction, overly tight coupling, priority inversion, and race conditions (go read about the Mars Pathfinder for a fascinating example of priority inversion). These are important topics for building safe products that have a long life over multiple versions and are successful in the marketplace.All of the examples in the book are fully functional applications, and Amos goes through the steps of setting everything up, building, downloading, running, debugging, monitoring, and evaluating results. Again, this is all extremely valuable, because these are the kind of real-world practical skills you need. Understanding the tools and how to work with them is critical. Even if you use a different tool set, many of the concepts are the same.For each bit of real code, he goes through a breakdown of the major items in the code, explaining what they do and how to interpret them. He also discusses design considerations and alternatives.While the applications are simple, they make great starting points for more complex experimentation, because they use the real peripherals on the board and lay out all the necessary scaffolding. That's one thing I really like about this book. A common complaint I've had with other books is that the example code is so trivial that it doesn't really convey much more than you could get from reading the header files. These are much better, providing the kickstart to do real work.Once you have the practical skills for playing with an application on your Nucleo, you can start reading further in the datasheet and trying out other peripherals. Then you can expand with additional external hardware; the Nucleo has headers for connecting Arduino shields or various other devices. This is where things really get fun and learning really accelerates. Want to connect up sonar sensors? OLED displays? Buttons and controls? Motors? Add a breadboard and component experimentation kit and you can build real functioning product prototypes, then explore your own design alternatives.This would be an excellent textbook for professional self-study, a college undergraduate or high school course, or an after-school program similar to a robotics club. Combined with an introductory C programming book (Kernighan and Ritchie's "The C Programming Language", 2nd edition, being the classic text), James Grenning's "Test Driven Development for Embedded C", a basic Windows laptop (with the free MSYS2 suite installed, for building and running off-target TDD-based unit tests, which yes, you REALLY want to be able to do), and a Nucleo board, anyone completing all the projects in the book would be armed with an outstanding set of practical skills and background knowledge with real-world applicability.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Cesar Trejo Jul 14, 2023
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Libros de mucha calidad!
Amazon Verified review Amazon
D. Dale Apr 23, 2021
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
This served as a good introduction to FreeRTOS with clear, concrete examples. It was well organized and contained all the information I was looking for.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Mark Jun 06, 2021
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Very thoughtful writing for a complex subject. As someone who is taking the leap from Arduino-based systems to RTOS, this book has been invaluable in guiding me through the subject.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Relayman Jun 09, 2023
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
This is my first foray into emdebbed developement. I have found this to be a very good book with enough detail to help a newbie get going. Brian's github has been updated so code mistakes you run across in the book have usually already been rectified. If you search on "study guide jim yuill" you will find a nice blog about this book that has proven very helpful.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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