A brief discussion of ML basic concepts

Mathematics is the hidden magic behind ML, and pretty much all ML algorithms function by using mathematics to find relationships and patterns in data. This book focuses on practical implementations of AI/ML on Google Cloud; it is not a theoretical academic course, so we will not go into a lot of detail on the mathematical equations upon which ML models operate, but we will include mathematical formulae for reference where relevant throughout the book, and here we present some basic concepts that are widely used in AI/ML algorithms. There are plenty of academic materials available for learning each of these concepts in more detail. As an architect, understanding the mathematical concepts could be considered an extracurricular credit rather than a requirement; you usually would not need to dive into the mathematical details of ML algorithms in your day-to-day work, but if you want to have a better understanding of how some of the algorithms work...