Attributes

In the compiler, you may have already seen examples of warnings between #[ ... ] signs, like #[warn(unused_variables)]. These are attributes which represent metadata information about the code. You can use these yourself in code, and they are placed right before an item (such as a function) on which they have something to say. They can, for example, disable certain classes of warnings, turn on certain compiler features, or mark functions as being part of unit tests or benchmark code.

Conditional compilation

If you want to make a function that only works on a specific operating system, then annotate it with the #[cfg(target_os = "xyz")] attribute (where xyz can be one of "windows", "macos...